基于行为改变轮理论的外周动脉疾病患者运动管理方案的构建与应用研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.14.007

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (14): 1922-1929.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.14.007

基于行为改变轮理论的外周动脉疾病患者运动管理方案的构建与应用研究

杨琴¹(), 赖玉婷¹, 赵玉明¹, 黄妍¹, 刘璐¹, 杨美吴¹, 许文香¹, 田雪冰²^,^*()

¹ 厦门大学附属心血管病医院血管外科厦门市 361000
² 厦门大学附属心血管病医院手术室厦门市 361000

收稿日期:2025-10-24 出版日期:2026-07-20 发布日期:2026-07-17
*通讯作者: 田雪冰，E-mail：115595214@qq.com
作者简介:杨琴：女，硕士，副主任护师，护士长，E-mail：254828387@qq.com
第一联系人：作者贡献声明
杨琴：研究设计、实施、论文初稿撰写与修改；赖玉婷：研究实施、数据分析、论文结构优化与修改；赵玉明、黄妍：研究实施、数据录入与分析；刘璐：数据整理、核查与分析；杨美吴：研究实施、不良事件记录与整理；许文香：数据辅助整理与核查；田雪冰：研究设计、指导与监督、论文修改

Construction and application of an exercise management program for patients with peripheral artery disease based on the Behaviour Change Wheel Theory

YANG Qin¹(), LAI Yuting¹, ZHAO Yuming¹, HUANG Yan¹, LIU Lu¹, YANG Meiwu¹, XU Wenxiang¹, TIAN Xuebing²^,^*()

¹ Department of Vascular Surgery， Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University，School of Medicine， Xiamen 361000， China
² Department of Operating Room， Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University， Xiamen 361000， China

Received:2025-10-24 Online:2026-07-20 Published:2026-07-17
* Corresponding author: TIAN Xuebing，E-mail：115595214@qq.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的构建基于行为改变轮（behaviour change wheel，BCW）理论的外周动脉疾病（peripheral artery disease，PAD）患者运动管理方案并评价其应用效果，为临床PAD患者运动康复的规范化管理提供实践参考。方法以BCW理论为指导，通过证据总结、专家会议及预试验构建PAD患者运动管理方案。采用便利抽样法，选取2023年7月—2024年6月在厦门市某三级甲等医院血管外科住院的80例PAD患者为研究对象，其中2024年1—6月入院的40例为试验组，2023年7—12月入院的40例为对照组。试验组实施基于BCW理论的PAD患者运动管理方案，对照组接受常规运动训练，两组均干预12周。分别于干预前、干预12周后测评两组的运动依从性、6 min步行距离（6 minute walk distance，6 MWD）及血管生活质量量表得分并比较差异。结果 80例均完成研究。干预12周后，试验组、对照组的运动依从性分别为87.50%（35/40）、25.00%（10/40），6 MWD分别为（345.53±101.68）（286.63±120.75）m，血管生活质量量表得分分别为（5.84±0.69）（4.64±1.04）分，两组比较，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论基于BCW理论的PAD患者运动管理方案能有效提升PAD患者的运动依从性，改善其步行能力与生活质量。

关键词: 外周动脉疾病, 行为改变轮理论, 运动依从性, 步行能力, 生活质量, 康复护理

Abstract:

Objective To develop and evaluate an exercise management program for patients with peripheral artery disease（PAD） based on the Behaviour Change Wheel（BCW） theory，and to provide a practical reference for the standardized management of exercise rehabilitation in clinical practice. Methods Guided by the BCW theory，we developed an exercise management program through a process involving evidence synthesis，expert consultation，and pilot testing. Using a convenience sampling method，80 PAD patients（admitted between July 2023 and June 2024） were enrolled. Among them，40 patients admitted from January to June 2024 were assigned to an intervention group，and 40 admitted from July to December 2023 served as a control group. The intervention group received the BCW-based program，employing integrated strategies targeting capability，opportunity，and motivation. The control group received routine exercise advice. Both groups underwent a 12-week intervention. Exercise adherence，the 6-minute walk distance（6MWD），and Vascular Quality of Life（VascuQoL） scores were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results All 80 patients completed the study. After the 12-week intervention，the exercise adherence rates in the intervention group and the control group were 87.50%（35/40） and 25.00%（10/40），respectively. The 6MWD were（345.53 ± 101.68） m and（286.63 ± 120.75） m，respectively. The VascuQoL were（5.84 ± 0.69） points and（4.64 ± 1.04） points，respectively. All differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The exercise management program based on the BCW theory effectively improved exercise adherence，walking capacity，and quality of life in PAD patients，demonstrating its scientific validity and clinical feasibility.

Key words: Peripheral Artery Disease, Behaviour Change Wheel Theory, Exercise Adherence, Walking Ability, Quality of Life, Rehabilitation Nursing

杨琴, 赖玉婷, 赵玉明, 黄妍, 刘璐, 杨美吴, 许文香, 田雪冰. 基于行为改变轮理论的外周动脉疾病患者运动管理方案的构建与应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(14): 1922-1929.

YANG Qin, LAI Yuting, ZHAO Yuming, HUANG Yan, LIU Lu, YANG Meiwu, XU Wenxiang, TIAN Xuebing. Construction and application of an exercise management program for patients with peripheral artery disease based on the Behaviour Change Wheel Theory[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(14): 1922-1929.

图/表 3

表1 基于行为改变轮理论的外周动脉疾病患者运动管理方案

Table 1 Exercise management program for PAD patients based on the BCW theory

表2 两组一般资料比较

Table 2 Comparison of general data between the 2 groups

表3 两组6 min步行距离和生活质量得分的比较（$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of 6 MWD and quality of life indicators between the 2 groups（$\bar{x} \pm s$）

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基于行为改变轮理论的外周动脉疾病患者运动管理方案的构建与应用研究

Construction and application of an exercise management program for patients with peripheral artery disease based on the Behaviour Change Wheel Theory

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