三孩孕产妇妊娠及分娩体验的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.01.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的深入了解三孩孕产妇妊娠及分娩体验，为医护人员提供更系统、安全、针对性的三孩孕产妇围产期保健服务及护理措施提供依据。方法采用目的抽样法，选取2022年8月—2023年6月于南京市某三级甲等妇幼保健院建档并分娩的17名三孩孕产妇进行半结构式访谈，采用Colaizzi 7步分析法归纳并提炼主题。结果共提炼出4个主题，包括妊娠意愿的确立、感知生育风险、自身及家庭获益感、支持需求多样化。结论三孩孕妇妊娠意愿的建立受多方面因素影响，建议相关部门积极落实三孩生育政策相关配套措施；医护人员应强化三孩孕产妇围产期保健服务，降低生育风险，积极强化其妊娠相关获益感，建立全程支持体系，促进母婴健康。

关键词: 三孩孕产妇, 妊娠, 分娩, 质性研究, 产科护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the deeper understanding of the pregnancy and delivery experience of three-child pregnant and maternal women，and to provide a basis for healthcare personnel to provide more systematic，safe，and targeted perinatal healthcare services and care measures for three-child pregnant and maternal women. Methods Purposive sampling method was used to select 17 cases of three-child pregnant and maternal women who were admitted and delivered in a tertiary level-A maternal and child healthcare hospital in Nanjing from August 2022 to June 2023 for semi-structured interviews，and Colaizzi 7-step process of analyzing，summarizing，and refining the themes was used. Results A total of 4 themes were extracted，including determination of willingness to become pregnant，perceived risks of childbirth，perceived benefits to themselves and their families，diversified support needs. Conclusion The establishment of pregnancy intention of three-child pregnant women is affected by many factors. Relevant departments should actively implement the supporting measures of the three-child birth policy；healthcare workers should strengthen perinatal healthcare services for three-child mothers to reduce the risk of giving birth，actively strengthen their sense of benefits related to pregnancy，and establish a whole process of support system to promote the health of mothers and infants.

Key words: Three-Child Pregnant and Maternal Women, Pregnancy, Parturition, Qualitative Study, Obstetrical Nursing

夏家爱, 蒲丛珊, 单春剑, 顾璇, 张翔娣, 单艳, 吕明英, 王莹, 谢琳琳, 周晖. 三孩孕产妇妊娠及分娩体验的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(1): 24-30.

XIA Jiaai, PU Congshan, SHAN Chunjian, GU Xuan, ZHANG Xiangdi, SHAN Yan, LÜ Mingying, WANG Ying, XIE Linlin, ZHOU Hui. A qualitative study of the pregnancy and childbirth experience of pregnant and maternal women with the third child[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(1): 24-30.

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