妊娠中晚期孕妇感知配偶支持量表的编制及信效度检验

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.01.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的编制妊娠中晚期孕妇感知配偶支持量表并检验其信效度，为有效评估孕期配偶支持水平提供工具。方法以社会支持理论为理论框架，通过文献分析、半结构式访谈初步构建量表条目池，经专家函询、认知性访谈形成初始量表。于2023年4月—11月，采用便利抽样法，选取湖南省3所三级甲等医院产科的570名妊娠中晚期孕妇进行调查，对量表进行项目分析及信效度检验。结果最终558名孕妇完成调查。妊娠中晚期孕妇感知配偶支持量表包含工具支持、信息支持、情感支持3个维度，共22个条目。量表总的Cronbach’s α系数为0.867，折半信度系数为0.793，重测信度为0.965，量表水平的内容效度指数为0.980；探索性因子分析提取出3个公因子，累计方差贡献率为54.138%。验证性因子分析提示模型拟合可接受。结论妊娠中晚期孕妇感知配偶支持量表信效度良好，可作为孕妇配偶支持水平的评估工具。

关键词: 妊娠, 配偶支持, 孕期照护, 量表编制, 信度, 效度, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To develop the Perceived Spouse Support Scale for pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy and test its reliability and validity，so as to provide an effective tool for assessing the perceived spouse support level of pregnant women. Methods With social support theory as the theoretical framework，the questionnaire item pool was initially constructed through literature review and semi-structured interview，and the initial questionnaire was formed through expert correspondence and cognitive interview. From April to November 2023，570 pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy were selected by random sampling method for investigation，item analysis and reliability and validity test of the scale. Results Eventually 558 pregnant women completed the survey. The Perceived Spouse Support Scale for pregnant women in the second and third trimesters contained 22 items，including instrumental support，informational support and emotional support. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.867；the split-half reliability was 0.793；the retest reliability was 0.965；the content validity index was 0.980. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the 3 common factors was 54.138%. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the model fit well. Conclusion The Perceived Spouse Support Scale has good reliability and validity，and it can be used as an evaluation tool for spouse support level of pregnant women.

Key words: Pregnancy, Spouse Support, Pregnancy Care, Scale Development, Reliability, Validity, Nursing Care

熊仪, 张六一, 胡琦琦, 刘兆苹, 王丽, 张丹, 张雨欣. 妊娠中晚期孕妇感知配偶支持量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(1): 31-36.

XIONG Yi, ZHANG Liuyi, HU Qiqi, LIU Zhaoping, WANG Li, ZHANG Dan, ZHANG Yuxin. Development and validation of the Perceived Spouse Support Scale for pregnant women in the second and third trimesters[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(1): 31-36.

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