Abstract:

Objective To explore the facilitators and barriers of palliative care volunteering，and to provide references for further advancement of palliative care volunteering. Methods Purposeful sampling was used to select 12 volunteers from a palliative care ward in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province，between April and September 2024. Semi-structured interviews were conducted，and directed content analysis was applied to organize and analyze the data，followed by theme analysis. Results Facilitators and barriers for volunteers’ participation in palliative care volunteering were extracted. The 5 sub-themes of facilitators include motivating factors and perceived benefits，support and collaboration among volunteers，professional training and healthcare recognition，increased social awareness and public acceptance，and government support and institutional safeguards. The 5 sub-themes of barriers include limitations in individual capacity，challenges in collaboration with patients，families and healthcare workers，inadequate management and service mechanisms，uneven development of palliative care and insufficient public attention to psychological problems，and inadequate relevant laws and incentives. Conclusion There are more factors affecting the development of palliative care volunteering，and healthcare professionals should adopt targeted strategies to promote the active participation of volunteers in order to promote the sustainable development of palliative care volunteering.

Key words: Palliative Care, Volunteer, Qualitative Study, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 探究安宁疗护志愿服务的促进与阻碍因素，为进一步推进其发展提供参考。 方法 采用目的抽样法，于2024年4—9月选取浙江省杭州市某三级甲等医院安宁疗护病房的12名志愿者进行半结构化访谈，运用定向内容分析法对资料进行整理、分析，并基于社会生态模型，从个体层面、人际层面、组织层面、社区层面、政策层面对主题进行描述。 结果 提炼出志愿者参与安宁疗护志愿服务的5个促进因素及5个阻碍因素。促进因素包括动机与益处感知，志愿者间的支持与协作，专业培训与医护团队认可，社会认知度提升与公众接受度增强，政府支持与制度保障；阻碍因素包括个体能力的局限性，与患者、家属和医护人员之间协作的挑战，管理和服务机制不完善，安宁疗护发展不均衡与公众对心理问题的关注不足，相关法律与激励机制不健全。 结论 影响安宁疗护志愿服务开展的因素较多，医护人员应采取针对性策略促进志愿者积极参与，以推动安宁疗护志愿服务的可持续发展。

关键词: 安宁疗护, 志愿者, 质性研究, 护理