Abstract:

Objective To comprehend the present condition of sustaining within familial pulmonary rehabilitation for COPD patients，alongside exploring the factors that impact this continuity. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 392 COPD patients from outpatient clinics of 2 tertiary-level A hospitals and 1 community health service center in Huaihua in Hunan Province from December 2023 to February 2024 as survey respondents. Patients were surveyed using the general information questionnaire，the COPD Assessment Test，the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale，the Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale，and the Brief 2-Way Social Support Scale. Results We sent out 392 questionnaires and collected 362 valid ones，with an effective response rate of 92.47%. The percentage of COPD patients who never performed home pulmonary rehabilitation was 56.08%，and the maintenance time of health behaviors in home pulmonary rehabilitation was 17.40% for 1-3 months，7.18% for 4-6 months，4.70% for 7-12 months，and 14.64% for more than 1 year. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that exercise place，pulmonary rehabilitation health education，exercise habits before having COPD，perceived level of exercise behavior，and two-way social support were influential factors affecting the maintenance of health behaviors in pulmonary rehabilitation in the families of COPD patients，which explained 38.5% of the variability. Conclusion Patients with COPD have a low level of maintenance of health behaviors in home pulmonary rehabilitation，and health education on exercise rehabilitation for COPD patients and caregivers should be strengthened to enhance patients’ level of exercise perception and ability to utilize social support.

Key words: Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Home, Maintenance, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 了解慢性阻塞性肺疾病（简称“慢阻肺”）患者居家肺康复维持现状及影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法，于2023年12月—2024年2月，选取在湖南省怀化市2所三级甲等医院门诊和1所社区卫生服务中心接受随访的392例慢阻肺患者为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、慢阻肺评价测试量表、改良版英国医学研究委员会呼吸困难量表、锻炼益处/障碍量表和双向社会支持量表进行调查。结果 共发放问卷392份，回收有效问卷362份，有效问卷回收率为92.47%。从未进行过居家肺康复的慢阻肺患者占56.08%，居家肺康复的健康行为维持时间为1~3个月的患者占17.40%，4~6个月的患者占7.18%，7~12个月的患者占4.70%，1年以上的患者占14.64%。多元线性回归分析结果显示，适合的运动场所、接受过肺康复健康教育、患慢阻肺前的运动习惯、锻炼行为感知水平和双向社会支持是慢阻肺患者居家肺康复维持时间的影响因素，可解释38.5%的变异度。结论 慢阻肺患者的居家肺康复健康行为维持水平较低，应加强对慢阻肺患者及照顾者的运动康复健康教育，提升患者锻炼行为感知水平、社会支持的利用能力。

关键词: 肺疾病, 慢性阻塞性, 居家, 维持性, 肺康复, 护理