Abstract:

Objective To construct and preliminary verify a postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation nursing programme for children with double lung transplantation，aiming to promote early recovery and provide references for clinical nursing practice. Methods A convenience sampling approach was employed to select 25 cases pediatric patients who underwent bilateral lung transplantation at a tertiary teaching hospital in Hangzhou between January 2020 and September 2024，and they were divided into an experimental group and a control group according to the time of admission to the hospital. The experimental group received the newly developed post-transplant rehabilitation nursing program，which encompassed fluid management，mechanical ventilation，sequential oxygen therapy，pulmonary function training，exercise management，and process facilitation. In contrast，the control group received the standard post-lung transplantation rehabilitation protocol. Key outcomes，including mechanical ventilation duration，ICU stay，total hospitalization time，activity level，pulmonary function，incidence of adverse events and rehabilitation adherence，were compared between the 2 groups. Results Finally，24 cases completed the study，including 11 cases in the experimental group and 13 cases in the control group. After the intervention，the experimental group exhibited significantly shorter mechanical ventilation time compared to it in the control group （P=0.009）. Additionally，at discharge，the intervention group demonstrated higher activity levels and better rehabilitation compliance（P<0.05）. Conclusion The pulmonary rehabilitation nursing program for children with double lung transplantation is scientifically sound，safe，and feasible. The implementation of this program is beneficial for the early discontinuation of mechanical ventilation，improving postoperative mobility，and enhancing compliance with pulmonary rehabilitation.

Key words: Lung Transplantation, Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Pediatric Nursing

摘要：

目的 构建儿童双肺移植术后肺康复护理方案并进行初步验证，旨在促进患儿早期康复，为临床护理实践提供参考。 方法 采用便利抽样法，选取2020年1月—2024年9月在杭州市某三级甲等医院行双肺移植术的25例患儿为研究对象，按入院时间分为试验组与对照组。试验组实施儿童双肺移植术后肺康复护理方案，包括液体管理、机械通气、序贯氧疗、肺功能训练、运动管理和过程促进；对照组实施常规的肺移植术后肺康复方案。比较两组术后机械通气时间、ICU住院时间、术后总住院时间、活动能力、肺功能、不良事件发生率及肺康复依从性。 结果 最终24例完成该研究，其中，试验组11例，对照组13例。干预后，试验组机械通气时间低于对照组（P=0.009），活动能力、肺康复依从性均高于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论 儿童双肺移植术后肺康复护理方案具有一定的科学性、安全性和可行性，实施该方案有助于患儿早期撤离机械通气，提高其术后活动能力和肺康复依从性。

关键词: 双肺移植, 肺康复, 儿科护理学