Abstract:

Objective To understand the caring experience of donors and caregivers of pediatric living related liver transplantation. Methods Using descriptive phenomenological research method,in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 donors and caregivers of pediatric living related liver transplantation from liver transplantation center of a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou from May to August 2021. Colaizzi 7-step analysis method and Nvivo software were used to analyze and extract the topics. Results 4 themes were extracted,including obvious physical and mental distress（significant physical symptoms and heavy psychological burden）,adaptation conflict of multiple roles （adaptation conflict of donor and caregiver role,adaptation conflict of child caregiver and other family member caregiver role,adaptation conflict of family and social role）,contentment and coping positively,gratitude and feedback to the society. Conclusion Donors and caregivers of pediatric living related liver transplantation have both burden and positive feelings throughout the care process. Medical staff should take targeted intervention measures to reduce the burden of feeling,inspire positive experience,guide coping positively,so as to improve the quality of life of donors and caregivers of pediatric living related liver transplantation,and then improve the quality of care.

Key words: Child, Liver Transplantation, Donor, Caring Experience, Qualitative Research, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 探讨儿童亲属活体肝移植供者兼照顾者的照护体验。 方法 采用描述性现象学研究法,对2021年5月—8月杭州市某三级甲等医院肝移植中心收治的11名儿童亲属活体肝移植供者兼照顾者进行深入访谈,运用Colaizzi分析法,采用Nvivo软件对资料进行分析、整理。 结果 共提炼出4个主题,即身心困扰明显,包括躯体症状明显和心理负担沉重;多重角色适应冲突,包括供者-照顾者角色适应冲突、患儿照顾者-其他家庭成员照顾者角色适应冲突、家庭-社会角色适应冲突;知足与积极面对;感恩与反哺社会。 结论 儿童亲属活体肝移植供者兼照顾者的负担感受和积极体验同时存在。医护人员应采取针对性的干预措施,减轻其负担感受,调动积极体验,引导其积极面对,从而提高其生活质量和照护质量。

关键词: 儿童, 肝移植, 供者, 照护体验, 质性研究, 护理