学龄期支气管哮喘患儿呼吸康复操的研制及效果评价

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.09.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的研制学龄期支气管哮喘患儿呼吸康复操并探究其应用效果，为临床中科学有效地进行呼吸康复提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2023年12月—2024年2月于重庆市某三级甲等儿童专科医院呼吸科门诊就诊的学龄期支气管哮喘患儿作为研究对象，使用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组，每组各25例。两组均接受规范化哮喘药物吸入治疗和健康教育，在此基础上，试验组进行呼吸康复操训练，对照组进行常规有氧运动训练。比较两组干预3个月后的呼吸康复训练依从性、肺功能、运动能力、吸气肌肌力和不良事件发生情况。结果试验组和对照组各有24例支气管哮喘患儿完成研究。干预3个月后试验组呼吸康复训练依从性、运动能力和吸气肌肌力较对照组均有所提高，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；两组均未发生不良事件。结论该研究研制的学龄期支气管哮喘患儿呼吸康复操具有科学性、可行性和安全性，可改善患儿的运动能力和吸气肌肌力。

关键词: 学龄期儿童, 支气管哮喘, 呼吸康复, 呼吸训练, 运动训练, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To construct the respiratory rehabilitation calisthenics for school-age children with asthma，and evaluate its effects，in order to provide a guidance for the scientific and effective implementation of respiratory rehabilitation in clinical work. Methods By convenience sampling method，the school-age children with asthma treated in the respiratory outpatient department of a tertiary specialized children’s hospital in Chongqing from December 2023 to February 2024 were selected. The children were randomly divided into an experimental group and the control group（25 of each group） by a random number table. Both groups were given routine asthma drug inhalation treatment and health education. Additionally，the experimental group received respiratory rehabilitation calisthenics training and the control group received conventional aerobic exercise training. After 3-month intervention，the effects of adherence to respiratory rehabilitation training，lung functions，exercise capacity，inspiratory muscle strength and occurrence of adverse events were evaluated between 2 groups. Results 24 children of each group completed the study. After 3-month intervention，the adherence to respiratory rehabilitation training，exercise capacity and inspiratory muscle strength were improved in the experimental group compared with those in the control group，and all differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. There were no adverse events in both groups. Conclusion The respiratory rehabilitation calisthenics for school-age children with asthma constructed in this study was scientific，feasible and safe，and could improve exercise capacity and inspiratory muscle strength for children with asthma.

Key words: School-Age Children, Bronchial Asthma, Respiratory Rehabilitation, Breathing Exercise, Exercise Training, Pediatric Nursing

刘曦璇, 刘玉琳, 刘莎, 杨帆, 谢晓虹, 王紫娟, 刘丽芳, 魏红雨. 学龄期支气管哮喘患儿呼吸康复操的研制及效果评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(9): 1043-1049.

LIU Xixuan, LIU Yulin, LIU Sha, YANG Fan, XIE Xiaohong, WANG Zijuan, LIU Lifang, WEI Hongyu. Construction and effect evaluation of the respiratory rehabilitation calisthenics for school-age children with bronchial asthma[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(9): 1043-1049.

图/表 4

表1 学龄期支气管哮喘患儿呼吸康复操

Table 1 The respiratory rehabilitation calisthenics for school-age children with bronchial asthma

表2 两组一般资料的比较[例（百分比，%）]

Table 2 Comparison of general data between the 2 groups[case（percentage，%）]

表3 干预前后两组肺功能的比较

Table 3 Comparison of lung functions between the 2 groups before and after intervention

表4 干预前后两组运动能力及吸气肌肌力的比较

Table 4 Comparison of exercise ability and inspiratory muscle strength between the 2 groups before and after intervention

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