4例心脏移植患儿的运动康复护理

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.02.014

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (2): 249-253.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.02.014

4例心脏移植患儿的运动康复护理

蒋伟红¹(), 唐晓敏¹, 周军², 朱佳佳³, 金泓丞³, 陈梦怡³, 诸纪华⁴^,^*()

1.浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院心脏外科杭州市 310052
2.浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院心脏重症监护室杭州市 310052
3.浙江大学医学院护理系杭州市 310058
4.浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院护理部杭州市 310052

收稿日期:2025-03-11 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2026-01-14
*通讯作者: 诸纪华，E-mail：jihuazhu@zju.edu.cn
作者简介:蒋伟红：女，硕士，主管护师，E-mail：847610762@qq.com
基金资助:
浙江省医药卫生科技计划项目(2023KY128)

Exercise rehabilitation nursing practice for 4 pediatric heart transplant recipients

JIANG Weihong¹(), TANG Xiaomin¹, ZHOU Jun², ZHU Jiajia³, JIN Hongcheng³, CHEN Mengyi³, ZHU Jihua⁴^,^*()

1. Department of Cardiac Surgery， Children’s Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine， Hangzhou 310052， China
2. Cardiac Intensive Care Unit， Children’s Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine， Hangzhou 310052， China
3. School of Nursing， Zhejiang University School of Medicine， Hangzhou 310058， China
4. Department of Nursing， Children’s Hospital，Zhejiang University School of Medicine， Hangzhou 310052， China

Received:2025-03-11 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2026-01-14
* Corresponding author: ZHU Jihua，E-mail：jihuazhu@zju.edu.cn
Funding program:
Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang(2023KY128)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

总结4例行心脏移植患儿基于疾病周期的运动康复护理经验。护理要点：组建心脏移植运动康复多学科团队并开展全面的康复评估。危重症监护阶段启动早期运动康复训练：机械辅助通气期间开展被动运动训练，预防制动并发症；撤机后实施主动运动训练，促进早期离床活动。心脏康复病房阶段实施进阶运动康复训练：初始阶段实施低强度有氧运动游戏，促进肌力恢复；过渡阶段实施抗阻-有氧运动协同训练，提升活动耐力。全程运动风险监测并动态调整方案，保障运动安全。经过个性化的运动康复护理，有效改善了患儿的运动能力和肌肉耐力，所有患儿均顺利完成了运动康复计划并出院，期间未发生运动相关不良事件。

关键词: 心脏移植, 儿童, 运动康复, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

This study summarizes exercise rehabilitation nursing care for 4 pediatric heart transplant recipients across disease phases. Key interventions are establishing a multidisciplinary cardiac rehabilitation team with comprehensive assessment. The initiation of early exercise interventions in critical care phase：passive exercises during mechanical ventilation to prevent complications；active exercises post-weaning to facilitate ambulation. The implementation of progressive training in cardiac rehabilitation phase：beginning with low-intensity aerobic games for muscle recovery，advancing to resistance-aerobic collaborative training to enhance endurance. Continuous risk monitoring with dynamic adjustments was conducted to ensure safety. Personalized nursing care improved both motor abilities and muscle endurance. All children completed rehabilitation and were discharged without adverse events.

Key words: Heart Transplantation, Children, Exercise Rehabilitation, Pediatric Nursing

蒋伟红, 唐晓敏, 周军, 朱佳佳, 金泓丞, 陈梦怡, 诸纪华. 4例心脏移植患儿的运动康复护理[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(2): 249-253.

JIANG Weihong, TANG Xiaomin, ZHOU Jun, ZHU Jiajia, JIN Hongcheng, CHEN Mengyi, ZHU Jihua. Exercise rehabilitation nursing practice for 4 pediatric heart transplant recipients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(2): 249-253.

参考文献 15

[1]	陈燕, 顾莺, 徐昱璐, 等. 2例扩张型心肌病患儿行原位心脏移植的围手术期护理[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(21):2653-2658. DOI
	Chen Y, Gu Y, Xu YL, et al. Perioperative nursing care of 2 children with dilated cardiomyopathy undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2024, 59(21):2653-2658. DOI
[2]	陈红领, 周强, 杨斌, 等. 儿童心脏移植22例近远期疗效的单中心回顾性研究[J]. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2024, 31(11):1589-1593.
	Chen HL, Zhou Q, Yang B, et al. Short and long-term out-comes of 22 pediatric heart transplantations:a retrospective study in a single center[J]. Chin J Clin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2024, 31(11):1589-1593.
[3]	王志杰, 史嘉玮, 王寅, 等. 心脏康复中运动训练在心脏移植中的作用[J]. 实用器官移植电子杂志, 2023, 11(3):280-283.
	Wang ZJ, Shi JW, Wang Y, et al. The role of exercise training in cardiac rehabilitation in heart transplantation[J]. Pract J Organ Transplant Electron Version, 2023, 11(3):280-283.
[4]	Pelliccia A, Sharma S, Gati S, et al. 2020 ESC Guidelines on sports cardiology and exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease[J]. Eur Heart J, 2021, 42(1):17-96. DOI PMID
[5]	钟优, 顿耀山, 魏文哲, 等. 心血管运动医学指南[J]. 中国循环杂志, 2024, 39(10):937-955.
	Zhong Y, Dun YS, Wei WZ, et al. Cardiovascular medicine of sports and exercise guidelines[J]. Chin Circ J, 2024, 39(10):937-955.
[6]	Simonenko M, Hansen D, Niebauer J, et al. Prevention and reha-bilitation after heart transplantation:a clinical consensus state-ment of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology,Heart Failure Association of the ESC,and the European Cardio Thoracic Transplant Association,a section of ESOT[J]. Eur J Heart Fail, 2024, 26(9):1876-1892.
[7]	王菲, 陈韵, 涂建鑫, 等. 心脏移植患者运动康复最佳证据总结[J]. 中国实用护理杂志, 2022, 38(33):2594-2599.
	Wang F, Chen Y, Tu JX, et al. Evidence summary of exercise rehabilitation for heart transplantion patients[J]. Chin J Pract Nurs, 2022, 38(33):2594-2599.
[8]	Valderrama P, Carugati R, Sardella A, et al. 2024 SIAC guide-lines on cardiorespiratory rehabilitation in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease[J]. Rev Esp Cardiol(Engl Ed), 2024, 77(8):680-689.
[9]	中国康复医学会心血管病预防与康复专业委员会. 慢性心力衰竭心脏康复中国专家共识[J]. 中华内科杂志, 2020, 59(12):942-952.
	Professional Committee of Cardiovascular Prevention and Reha-bilitation of Chinese Rehabilitation Medical Association. Expert consensus on cardiac rehabilitation for chronic heart failure in China[J]. Chin J Intern Med, 2020, 59(12):942-952.
[10]	夏艳玲, 潘文彦, 赵洋洋, 等. 虚拟现实技术在ICU患者早期活动中的应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(9):1050-1055. DOI
	Xia YL, Pan WY, Zhao YY, et al. Application of virtual reality technology in early activities of ICU patients[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2023, 58(9):1050-1055. DOI
[11]	彭莹, 涂惠, 熊晓云, 等. 下肢被动运动在急性心肌梗死病人PCI术后早期康复中的应用[J]. 护理研究, 2022, 36(6):1083-1086.
	Peng Y, Tu H, Xiong XY, et al. Application of passive leg movement in early rehabilitation of patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2022, 36(6):1083-1086.
[12]	Reischl S, Ziebart C, MacDermid JC, et al. Application of neu-romuscular electrical stimulation during immobilization of extremities for musculoskeletal conditions:a scoping review[J]. J Bodyw Mov Ther, 2024, 40:1555-1560. DOI PMID
[13]	汪佳, 翁峰霞, 卫建华, 等. 1例Danon病患者行心脏移植术后的护理[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(2):154-157. DOI
	Wang J, Weng FX, Wei JH, et al. Nursing care of a patient with Danon disease after heart transplantation[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2025, 60(2):154-157. DOI
[14]	American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription[M]. 10th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer, 2018.
[15]	Xiao LF, Zhou H, He J, et al. Comprehensive assessment of heavy slow resistance training and high-dose therapeutic ultrasound in managing patellar tendinopathy,a randomized single-blind controlled trial[J]. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil, 2024, 16(1):213. DOI

4例心脏移植患儿的运动康复护理

Exercise rehabilitation nursing practice for 4 pediatric heart transplant recipients

RichHTML

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 15

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	中华护理学会呼吸护理专业委员会（执笔：曾妃, 兰美娟, 蔡凌云, 顾培培, 朱岩, 王衍蝶, 梁江淑渊）. 儿童肺移植术后肺康复护理专家共识[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(1): 46-52.
[2]	曾妃, 兰美娟, 顾培培, 梁江淑渊, 王衍蝶, 蔡凌云. 儿童双肺移植术后肺康复护理方案的构建及初步验证[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(9): 1029-1035.
[3]	阎寅至, 闻芳, 王敏, 周雪梅, 马金玲, 吴惠芳, 姚文英. 造血干细胞移植患儿运动康复分级护理方案的构建与应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(9): 1036-1042.
[4]	刘曦璇, 刘玉琳, 刘莎, 杨帆, 谢晓虹, 王紫娟, 刘丽芳, 魏红雨. 学龄期支气管哮喘患儿呼吸康复操的研制及效果评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(9): 1043-1049.
[5]	黄盼盼, 李丽玲, 胡晓静. 先天性心脏病婴儿早期运动康复的研究进展[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(9): 1050-1055.
[6]	杨娜娜, 程传丽, 曾慧, 符丹丹, 王燕, 陈悦, 冉宏敏, 范红静, 龙霞. 分级运动康复对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者的效果评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(9): 1062-1067.
[7]	杨静, 王华芬, 卢芳燕, 鲍瑞洁, 朱莉. 肝移植患儿术后营养状况变化的影响因素分析及护理启示[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(9): 1113-1119.
[8]	韩姗姗, 秦永平, 屈虹, 郑显兰. 神经外科患儿术中获得性压力性损伤风险预测模型的构建及验证[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(8): 928-933.
[9]	梁江淑渊, 王衍蝶, 曾妃, 兰美娟, 顾培培. 14例造血干细胞移植后继发闭塞性细支气管炎行双肺移植术患儿的护理[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(8): 972-976.
[10]	马艳, 王翔宇, 臧美娜, 郭聪慧, 邢海英, 吴荣, 李庆印. 5例植入式左心室辅助装置撤除后行心脏移植手术患者的护理[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(8): 981-985.
[11]	张聚, 魏丽丽, 辛晨, 王静, 韩艳, 杨岩岩, 孙梦竹. 沉浸式虚拟现实技术在择期手术全身麻醉患儿中的应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(6): 671-676.
[12]	韩文文, 胡春霞, 张凯, 隋伟静, 黄美丽, 潘红英, 宫晓艳, 庄一渝. 1例特重度烧伤患儿基于增强现实技术的远程护理[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(6): 677-679.
[13]	杨童玲, 陈玉莹, 万凡, 窦亚兰, 胡晓静. 新生儿居家皮肤护理指导方案的构建及初步应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(6): 680-687.
[14]	陈千禾, 陈军, 蒋凯瑶, 吴晓楠, 洪婉婷, 张春梅. 儿科护士实施儿童医疗恐惧干预的促进与障碍因素质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(5): 575-580.
[15]	蒋思珊, 成琴琴, 罗听薇, 张娜, 郭俊晨, 李东雅, 李丹丹, 朱丽辉. 儿童安宁疗护质量评估工具的系统评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(5): 611-618.