国内医疗护理员培训和管理省级政策的文本分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.08.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的分析医疗护理员培训和管理省级政策中政策工具的使用情况及利益相关者的分布情况，为管理者更好地落实医疗护理员培训和管理政策提供参考。方法系统检索并收集各省（区、市）行政部门网站、中国知网、北大法宝信息检索系统中关于医疗护理员培训和管理的省级政策文本。构建“政策工具-利益相关者”二维分析框架，采用内容分析法，将政策条款进行归类编码和量化分析。结果共纳入20篇医疗护理员培训和管理省级政策文本，提取出359个有效编码。政策工具维度中，环境型、供给型、需求型政策工具的使用占比分别为66.30%、28.97%、4.74%。利益相关者维度中，管理方占比为56.55%，供给方和培训方占比均为18.11%，合作方占比为5.01%，需求方占比为2.23%。管理方和培训方均使用3种政策工具，供给方使用2种政策工具，合作方和需求方仅使用1种政策工具。结论在医疗护理员培训和管理省级政策中，不同类型政策工具的使用频率存在差异，利益相关者分布不均衡。管理者应重视宣传导向、平台搭建，完善激励机制、培养方案，并优化与利益相关者的合作模式、加强沟通交流。

关键词: 医疗护理员, 政策, 文本分析, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the deployment of policy instruments and the distribution of stakeholder engagement in provincial policies on nursing assistant training and management. Methods The relevant policy texts on nursing assistant training and management were systematically searched and collected from the official websites of provincial governments and their direct departments，CNKI，and the PKU Law Database. A two-dimensional framework of policy instruments-stakeholder was constructed，and the content analysis was used to classify，encode and quantify policy clauses. Results The study encompassed 20 provincial-level nursing assistant training and management policies，yielding a total of 359 codes. Within the policy instruments dimension，environmental，supply，and demand instruments constituted 66.30%，28.97%，and 4.74%，respectively. In terms of stakeholders，the management-side accounted for 56.55%，providers and trainers for 18.11% each，partners for 5.01%，and demand-side for 2.23%. Both management-side and trainers engaged with 3 policy instruments，providers with 2，and partners and demand-side with one each. Conclusion In the provincial nursing assistant training and management policies，there are differences in the deployment of policy instruments，and the distribution of stakeholders is uneven. Managers should pay attention to publicity guidance and platform construction，improve incentive mechanisms and training programs，and innovate cooperation models with stakeholders，as well as strengthen communication and exchange.

Key words: Nursing Assistants, Policy, Textual Analysis, Nursing Administration Research

明爱红, 龙秀红, 梁志金, 李砺, 黎凤民, 林思慧, 杨云帆, 王智慧, 冯甜. 国内医疗护理员培训和管理省级政策的文本分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(8): 960-967.

MING Aihong, LONG Xiuhong, LIANG Zhijin, LI Li, LI Fengmin, LIN Sihui, YANG Yunfan, WANG Zhihui, FENG Tian. Textual analysis of provincial policy on nursing assistant training and management in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(8): 960-967.

图/表 4

表1 政策工具的分类及内涵

Table 1 Classification and connotation of policy instruments

表2 纳入政策文本的基本特征（n=20）

Table 2 Basic characteristics of the included policies（n=20）

表3 政策工具的使用情况（n=359）

Table 3 Distribution of policy instruments（n=359）

表4 政策工具与利益相关者交互分析结果[n=359，次（百分率，%）]

Table 4 Statistics on the interaction between policy instruments and stakeholders[n=359，cases（percentage，%）]

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