护士主导的智能化医疗废物暂存设备的研发及实用性评价

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.06.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的在护士主导下，研发智能化医疗废物暂存设备，并评价其应用效果，旨在优化医疗废物回收流程，节省人力资源。方法组建研发团队，对传统医疗废物处置流程存在的问题进行分析，研发智能化医疗废物暂存设备，该设备具有分类投放、权限扫描、扫码识别、智能称重、满溢报警、臭氧消毒等功能。2023年1月19日—2月20日，于武汉市某三级甲等医院的门诊7~9楼的医疗废物暂存间放置智能化医疗废物暂存设备，为试验组；门诊4、5楼放置传统医疗废物暂存桶，为对照组。比较两组医疗废物日常处置指标及环境卫生学监测指标。结果应用智能化医疗废物暂存设备后，医疗废物的消毒率由5.00%上升至100%，满溢率由42.52%下降至0，交接耗时由（4.98±2.21） min下降至（1.07±0.35） min，交接规范率由15.83%上升至100%，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.001）；桶内壁菌落合格率由53.33%上升至67.78%，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.012）。结论智能化医疗废物暂存设备的应用，提升了医疗废物的管理效率和质量；同时，在改善存储环境方面也发挥了积极作用，以保障医院环境卫生及患者安全。

关键词: 医疗废物, 智能技术, 医院感染, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective Under the guidance of nurses，an intelligent medical waste temporary storage equipment was developed and its application effect was evaluated，aiming to optimize the medical waste recycling process and save human resources. Methods A research and development（R&D） team was established to analyze the issues in the current medical waste temporary storage process. An intelligent medical waste temporary storage device was developed，equipped with functions such as categorized disposal，permission scanning，barcode recognition，intelligent weighing，overflow alarm，and ozone disinfection. From January 19th to February 20th，2023，an intelligent medical waste storage equipment was placed in the medical waste storage room on the 7th to 9th floors of the outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Wuhan city as an experimental group；traditional medical waste storage bins were placed on the 4th and 5th floors of the outpatient department as a control group. The daily disposal indicators and environmental hygiene monitoring indicators of 2 groups of medical waste were compared. Results With the application of the intelligent medical waste temporary storage device，the disinfection rate of medical waste increased from 5.00% to 100%；the overflow rate decreased from 42.52% to 0%；the handover time reduced from 4.98±2.21 minutes to 1.07±0.35 minutes；the standardization rate of handovers rose from 15.83% to 100%. All these differences were statistically significant（P<0.001）. Additionally，the pass rate of bacterial colonies on the inner walls of bins increased from 53.33% to 67.78%，with a statistically significant difference（P=0.012）. Conclusion The application of the intelligent medical waste temporary storage equipment significantly improves the efficiency and quality of medical waste management；at the same time，it also plays an active role in improving the storage environment，which can safeguard the environmental hygiene of hospitals and the safety of patients.

Key words: Medical Waste, Intelligent Technology, Hospital Infection, Nursing Administration Research

江燕, 谭莉, 邹明君, 冉懋君, 李文苑, 马佳钦. 护士主导的智能化医疗废物暂存设备的研发及实用性评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(6): 659-665.

JIANG Yan, TAN Li, ZOU Mingjun, RAN Maojun, LI Wenyuan, MA Jiaqin. Development and application of a nurse-led intelligent medical waste temporary storage equipment[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(6): 659-665.

图/表 2

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