262所医院消毒供应中心精密器械干燥技术的现状调查

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.05.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解医院消毒供应中心精密器械干燥技术的现状，为制订精密器械规范的干燥流程提供参考。方法 2022年6月—8月，采用便利抽样法，对27个省（区、市）共262所不同等级医院的消毒供应中心就精密器械干燥设备用品配置、精密器械干燥现状及干燥效果评价方法等相关内容进行问卷调查，收集分析数据。结果发放问卷272份，回收有效问卷262份。医院消毒供应中心集中处理的精密器械包括硬式内镜、软式内镜、显微器械、各专科动力系统器械、移植手术器械及机器人手术器械等。干燥设备配置情况：258所（98.47%）配置压力气枪，215所（82.06%）配置医用热风干燥柜，143所（54.58%）配置医用低温真空干燥柜。146所（55.73%）接受了精密器械厂家的培训；140所（53.44%）建立精密器械干燥流程；230所（87.79%）采用2种及以上干燥设备用品；248所（94.66%）采用目测法对精密器械干燥效果进行评价。结论精密器械集中化处理种类多，消毒供应中心多采取多种干燥技术相结合的干燥方法，但存在干燥设备尤其是医用低温真空干燥柜配置占比不高，压力气枪管理和使用不够规范，培训及干燥流程不足，干燥效果评价方法不统一等情况。建议医院管理者提高对精密器械干燥的重视度，制订不同精密器械规范的干燥操作流程及干燥效果评价方法，以延长精密器械的使用寿命，保证无菌物品质量。

关键词: 中心供应室，医院, 精密器械, 干燥法, 感染控制, 横断面研究

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status of precision instrument drying technology in hospital sterile supply centers and to provide references for the development of a standardized drying process for precision instruments. Methods From June to August 2022，the sterile supply centers of 262 hospitals of different levels in 27 provinces （autonomous regions and municipalities） were surveyed by convenient sampling method to conduct questionnaire surveys on issues related to the configuration of precision instrument drying equipment，the current status of precision instrument drying and the evaluation method of drying effect，and the data was collected and analyzed. Results 272 questionnaires were distributed and 262 valid questionnaires were collected. The precision instruments centrally processed by the hospital sterile supply center include rigid endoscopy，flexible endoscope，microscopic instruments，power system equipments of various specialties，transplant surgical instruments and robotic surgical instruments. The configuration of drying instruments was 258 hospitals （98.47%） equipped with pressure air guns，215（82.06%） equipped with medical hot air drying cabinets，and 143 （54.58%） equipped with medical low temperature vacuum drying cabinets；146（55.73%） received training from precision instrument manufacturers；140 hospitals（53.44%） established precision instrument drying processes；230 （87.79%） used 2 or more kinds of drying equipment and supplies in combination for drying methods；248 （94.66%） used visual inspection to evaluate the drying effect of precision instruments. Conclusion There are many types of centralized treatment of precision instruments，and most sterile supply centers adopt a variety of drying methods combined with drying technologies，but the configuration proportion of medical low-temperature vacuum drying cabinet is not high，the management and use of pressure air guns is not standardized；the training and drying process is insufficient；the evaluation methods of drying effect are not uniform. It is recommended that hospital managers pay more attention to the drying of precision instruments，formulate drying operation procedures and drying effect evaluation methods with different precision instruments specifications，extend the service life of precision instruments，and ensure the quality of sterile goods.

Key words: Central Supply，Hospital, Precision Instruments, Drying, Infection Control, Cross-Sectional Studies

沈红梅, 莫军军, 郭立, 李菁, 孙洁楠. 262所医院消毒供应中心精密器械干燥技术的现状调查[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(5): 531-535.

SHEN Hongmei, MO Junjun, GUO Li, LI Jing, SUN Jienan. A study on the current situation of precision instrument drying technology in 262 hospital sterile supply centers[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(5): 531-535.

图/表 5

表1 参与调查医院的一般资料（n=262）

Table 1 General information of survey subjects（n=262）

表2 干燥设备用品配置情况（n=262）

Table 2 Drying instrument configuration（n=262）

表3 压力气枪使用现状（n=258）

Table 3 Current status of pressure air gun use（n=258）

表4 精密器械干燥现状（n=262）

Table 4 Current status of precision instrument drying（n=262）

表5 精密器械干燥效果评价（n=262）

Table 5 Evaluation of drying effect of precision instruments（n=262）

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