1 603所医院消毒供应中心可复用消毒物品再处理的现状调查研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.13.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解医院消毒供应中心（central sterile supply department，CSSD）可复用消毒物品的再处理现状，为进一步规范管理提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法，利用自制的CSSD可复用消毒物品再处理现状调查问卷，于2024年6月11日—23日对31个省（区、市）的医院CSSD管理者进行调查。问卷内容包括医院基本情况和可复用消毒物品再处理情况2个部分。结果共发放问卷1 835份，回收有效问卷1 603份。可复用消毒物品的使用方面，使用频率较高的物品依次为湿化瓶、止血带、呼吸气囊及附件、呼吸机管路系统等；1 558所（97.19%）医院建立标准化流程，996所（62.13%）医院设置专岗人员。可复用消毒物品的再处理方面，1 603所医院均对可复用消毒物品进行干燥处理；包装方式以塑料自封袋（59.95%）为主，541所（33.75%）医院对包装材料进行灭菌处理。935所（58.33%）医院使用无油型空气压缩机；其中51所（58.62%）医院在压缩机末端安装活性炭过滤器。结论 CSSD可复用消毒物品再处理现状有待改进，建议加强专业人员消毒知识培训，统一塑料自封袋灭菌标准，完善储存管理制度，采用无油、无水的医用压缩空气系统，降低医院感染风险。

关键词: 中心供应室, 医院, 可复用消毒物品, 调查, 感染控制, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To understand the current situation of reprocessing reusable sterilized items in the central sterile supply departments（CSSD） of hospitals and provide a scientific basis for further standardized management. Methods Using the convenience sampling method，a self-designed questionnaire on the current situation of reprocessing of reusable disinfection items in CSSDs was used to conduct a survey in 31 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities） from June 11th to 23rd，2024. The questionnaire covered 2 aspects，including the basic situation of the hospital and the reprocessing of disinfection items. Results A total of 1 835 questionnaires were distributed，and 1 603 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Regarding the use of reusable disinfection items，with the most frequently used items being humidification bottles，tourniquets，breathing bags and their accessories，and ventilator tubing systems etc. Among them，1 558 hospitals（97.19%） established standardized disposal procedures，and 996 hospitals（62.13%） assigned dedica-ted personnel to be responsible. In terms of the reprocessing procedures of reusable disinfection items，all 1 603 hospitals carried out drying process for the items；the main packaging method was plastic self-sealing bags （59.95%），and 541 hospitals （33.75%） sterilized the packaging materials. Additionally，935 hospitals（58.33%） used oil-free air compressors；among them，51 hospitals（58.62%） installed activated carbon filters at the end of the compressors. Conclusion The current situation of reprocessing reusable sterilized items in CSSDs of nationwide hospitals needs improvement. It is recommended to strengthen the training of professional disinfection knowledge，unify the sterilization standards for plastic self-sealing bags，develop a storage management system，and adopt a medical air compressor system without oil and water to reduce the risk of hospital infections.

Key words: Central Supply Department, Hospital, Multiplexing Disinfectant Items, Survey, Infection Control, Nursing Care

李晓莉, 李保华, 康洁, 付文君, 牛畅, 欧闪, 李雪. 1 603所医院消毒供应中心可复用消毒物品再处理的现状调查研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(13): 1631-1637.

LI Xiaoli, LI Baohua, KANG Jie, FU Wenjun, NIU Chang, OU Shan, LI Xue. Investigation of the reprocessing of multiplexing disinfectant items in central sterile supply departments of 1 603 hospitals in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(13): 1631-1637.

图/表 6

表1 参与调查的医院所属地区（n=1 603）

Table 1 Regional distribution of hospitals participating in the survey（n=1 603）

表2 参与调查医院的一般资料（n=1 603）

Table 2 General information of survey subjects（n=1 603）

表3 可复用消毒物品种类及基本情况（n=1 603）

Table 3 Types of reusable sterilized items and basic information（n=1 603）

表4 可复用消毒物品消毒情况（n=1 603）

Table 4 Reprocessing and disinfection of multiplexing disinfectant items（n=1 603）

表5 可复用消毒物品的干燥、包装及储存情况（n=1 603）

Table 5 Drying，packaging and storage of multiplexing disinfectant items（n=1 603）

表6 可复用消毒物品干燥用空气压缩机的使用情况（n=1 603）

Table 6 The use of air compressors for drying multiplexing disinfectant items（n=1 603）

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