关键词: 髋部骨折, 老年人, 术后并发症, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the prevalence of postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fractures and analyze the influencing factors，thereby providing a reference for developing clinical intervention strategies. Methods Using a convenience sampling method，elderly patients who underwent surgery for hip fractures were selected from 594 hospitals across 31 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities） of China between September and December 2023. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire and a postoperative complications questionnaire. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fracture. Results A total of 4，907 elderly hip fracture patients were surveyed. Among them，309 patients developed complications after surgery，with an incidence rate of 6.30%. The influencing factors for postoperative complications in elderly patients with hip fractures included patient gender，education level，presence of underlying diseases，preoperative self-care ability，reason for hospital admission，methods of health education（guidance by medical staff，video education，WeChat mini-program/public account），and history of previous fractures（P<0.05）. Conclusion The occurrence of postoperative complications in elderly hip fracture patients is influenced by multiple factors. Clinical practice should focus on high-risk populations，actively address modifiable risk factors，and reinforce effective interventions to prevent or reduce postoperative complications.

Key words: Hip Fractures, Aged, Postoperative Complications, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care