非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹的潜在类别及影响因素研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.08.006

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (8): 1051-1058.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.08.006

非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹的潜在类别及影响因素研究

张莹¹(), 杜若飞², 杨惠敏³^,^*(), 杜亚婷¹

¹ 河南科技大学护理学院洛阳市 471003
² 河南科技大学第一附属医院淋巴瘤病区洛阳市 471000
³ 河南科技大学第一附属医院质量控制办公室洛阳市 471000

收稿日期:2025-09-02 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-04-22
*通讯作者: 杨惠敏，E-mail：yhm2011512@163.com
作者简介:张莹：女，本科（硕士在读），护士，E-mail：zy09170304@163.com
第一联系人：作者贡献声明
张莹：研究设计及实施、资料收集、数据整理、统计学分析、论文撰写；杜若飞：研究指导、论文审阅和修改；杨惠敏：研究指导、基金支持；杜亚婷：数据整理、统计分析
基金资助:
2022年度河南省医学重点（培育）学科建设项目

Analysis of latent classes and influencing factors of frailty in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma during chemotherapy

ZHANG Ying¹(), DU Ruofei², YANG Huimin³^,^*(), DU Yating¹

¹ School of Nursing， Henan University of Science and Technology， Luoyang 471003， China
² Lymphoma Ward， the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology， Luoyang 471000， China
³ Quality Control Office， the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology， Luoyang 471000， China

Received:2025-09-02 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-04-22
* Corresponding author: YANG Huimin，E-mail：yhm2011512@163.com
Funding program:
Key medical disciplines construction project of Henan Province in 2022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨非霍奇金淋巴瘤（non-Hodgkin lymphoma，NHL）患者化疗期衰弱轨迹的潜在类别及影响因素，为临床干预提供依据。方法便利选取2025年1-9月在河南省5所公立三级甲等医院血液内科住院的266例NHL患者为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、Tilburg衰弱评估量表、蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表、简易体能状况量表、全面健康素养测量量表、广泛焦虑障碍量表、控制营养状况评分量表，在化疗前、化疗第3周期末、化疗疗程结束时进行调查，采用增长混合模型对NHL患者化疗期的衰弱轨迹进行分类，并分析其影响因素。结果最终252例患者完成随访。NHL患者化疗期衰弱轨迹分为高衰弱-快改善组（15.08%）、高衰弱-慢恶化组（11.90%）、低衰弱-平稳组（67.46%）、低衰弱-急恶化组（5.56%）4个潜在类别。多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示，淋巴细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度、蒙特利尔认知评估基础量表得分、简易体能状况量表得分、家庭平均月收入是NHL患者化疗期衰弱轨迹潜在类别的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 NHL患者化疗期衰弱轨迹存在群体异质性，医护人员应根据其衰弱轨迹及相关影响因素制订针对性的干预措施。

关键词: 非霍奇金淋巴瘤, 化疗, 衰弱, 潜在类别, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the trajectory and influencing factors of frailty in patients with non-Hodgkin Lymphoma（NHL） during chemotherapy，and to provide evidence for clinical interventions. Methods By the convenience sampling method，266 NHL patients hospitalized in the Department of Hematology of 5 tertiary hospitals in Henan Province from January to September 2025 were selected as the participants. The general information questionnaire，Tilburg Frailty Assessment Scale，Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic Scale，Short Physical Performance Battery，Global Health Literacy Scale，Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale，Control of Nutritional Status Scale were used to investigate before chemotherapy，at the end of the third cycle of chemotherapy，and at the end of chemotherapy. The growth mixed model was used to classify frailty trajectory of NHL patients during chemotherapy and analyze its influencing factors. Results Finally，252 patients completed the follow-up. The frailty trajectory of NHL patients during chemotherapy was divided into 4 potential categories：high frailty-rapid improvement group（15.08%），high frailty-slow deterioration group（11.90%），low frailty-stable group（67.46%） and low frailty-rapid deterioration group（5.56%）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lymphocyte count，hemoglobin concen-tration，Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale score，Short Physical Performance Battery score，and family monthly income were the influencing factors of the potential categories of frailty in NHL patients during chemotherapy（P<0.05）. Conclusion There is heterogeneity in frailty trajectory of patients with NHL during chemotherapy. Nurses should develop targeted interventions based on these frailty trajectories and related influencing factors.

Key words: Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Chemotherapy, Frailty, Latent Classes, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

张莹, 杜若飞, 杨惠敏, 杜亚婷. 非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹的潜在类别及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(8): 1051-1058.

ZHANG Ying, DU Ruofei, YANG Huimin, DU Yating. Analysis of latent classes and influencing factors of frailty in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma during chemotherapy[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(8): 1051-1058.

图/表 4

表1 非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹潜在类别模型的拟合结果（n=252）

Table 1 Fitting results of latent class models for frailty trajectories during chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients（n=252）

图1 不同潜在类别非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹注：T1为化疗前、T2为化疗第3周期末、T3为化疗结束时。

Figure 1 Frailty trajectories during chemotherapy in patients with different potential categories of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

表2 非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹潜在类别的单因素分析结果（n=252）

Table 2 Univariate analysis results of potential categories of fatigue trajectories during chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients（n=252）

表3 非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹潜在类别的多分类Logistic回归分析结果（n=252）

Table 3 Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of the frailty trajectory of patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma（n=252）

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非霍奇金淋巴瘤患者化疗期衰弱轨迹的潜在类别及影响因素研究

Analysis of latent classes and influencing factors of frailty in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma during chemotherapy

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