关键词: 老年人, 结构化健康教育, 牙列缺损, 健康素养, 口腔护理

Abstract:

Objective To develop a structured health education program applicable to elderly patients with partial tooth loss and explore its effects to provide reference for clinical nursing practice. Methods The program was formulated based on literature review，semi-structured interviews，and expert consultation. Using convenience sampling，elderly patients with partial tooth loss who visited the Department of Stomatology at a tertiary hospital in Beijing from December 2024 to March 2025 were selected as study subjects. They were divided into an experimental group and a control group，each consisting of 117 patients，using a random number table method. The experimental group received a structured health education intervention in addition to routine care，while the control group received only routine oral care guidance. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention using the Oral Health Literacy Scale，Self-Efficacy Scale for Self-care，and Modified Dental Anxiety Scale，respectively. Results The final program consisted of 3 first-level items，11 second-level items，and 50 third-level items. During the program implementation phase，4 patients each from the experimental group and the control group withdrew from the study, resulting in 113 patients being enrolled in the experimental group and the control group, respectively. After the intervention，the experimental group’s total oral health literacy score was 51（44，54），higher than 42（41，43） in the control group；the total self-efficacy score was 60（45，60），higher than 45（30，45） in the control group；the total dental anxiety score was 9（5，10），lower than 15（14，18） in the control group. All differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. After the intervention，the oral health literacy and self-efficacy scores of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group（P<0.05），while the dental anxiety score was lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Structured health education can effectively enhance the self-efficacy of patients with partial tooth loss，reduce their level of dental anxiety，and thereby improve their oral health literacy. This model can improve the psychological state and health management ability of patients with partial tooth loss and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Key words: Aged, Structured Health Education, Dentition Defect, Health Literacy, Oral Nursing