Objective To evaluate the effect of structured individual cognitive stimulation therapy in patients with mild to moderate dementia. Methods Pubmed，Embase，Web of science，Cochrane library，CINAHL，APA PsycInfo and CNKI，Wanfang Database，CBM were searched by computers for the research on the efficacy of structured individual cognitive stimulation therapy for patients with dementia from inception to September of 2022. 2 researchers conducted literature screening，data extraction and quality evaluation independently，and meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.4 software. Results A total of 9 pieces of literature were included，in which 617 patients with mild to moderate dementia were studied. The results of meta-analysis showed that the test group was better than the control group in Mini-Mental State Examination scale scores[MD=1.15，95%CI（0.34，1.96），P=0.005] and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale scores[MD=4.88，95%CI（2.16，7.60），P<0.001]，but there was no significant difference in ADAS-cognitive portion scale scores[MD=-1.20，95%CI（-3.02，0.62），P=0.200]. The improvement on depression in the test group is better than that of control group[MD=-0.81，95%CI（-1.31，-0.31），P=0.001].However，there is no statistically significant differences in the quality of life[MD=1.65, 95%CI（-0.58, 3.88）, P=0.150） and neuropsychological symptoms[MD=-0.23，95%CI（-2.77，2.32），P=0.860] between 2 groups. Conclusion The existing evidence shows that the structured individual cognitive stimulation therapy could alleviate the depression of patients with mild to moderate dementia，and improve the cognitive ability to a certain extent，but the effect on improving the quality of life and neuropsychological symptoms is not evident，which needs to be further studied with high-quality randomized controlled trials in a larger sample size.
