Table of Content

20 November 2025, Volume 60 Issue 22

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Standards

Expert consensus on technical specifications for arteriovenous fistula puncture using fistula soft catheter needles

Blood Purification Committee of Chinese Nursing Association（Writing Committee：YANG Zhenhua，XIA Jinghua，WU Xiajun，PAN Xiaoting，CHEN Qiuxin，CAO Liyun，XIAO Guanghui，HUANG Bihong）

2025, 60(22):  2693-2698.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.001

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Objective To formulate an expert consensus on technical specifications for arteriovenous fistula puncture using fistula soft catheter needles（hereinafter referred to as the “Consensus”），providing references for standardizing the operation methods of fistula soft catheter needles for internal fistulas. Methods Domestic and international literature on arteriovenous fistula puncture using fistula soft catheter needles was reviewed，combined with the work experience of blood purification experts. Based on evidence-based nursing，the best evidence was identified，and expert consultation forms were designed. Through 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation and expert panel discussions，the content of the consensus was adjusted and revised. Results A total of 17 experts were invited to participate in the consultation. All 17 questionnaires were eventually returned，achieving a 100% response rate. All experts provided suggestions on relevant issues during the consultation process. The coordination coefficients for the first and second rounds of expert consultations were 0.507 and 0.524，respectively，both of which were statistically significant. Additionally，the expert authority coefficient was 0.99，indicating a high level of authority in the expert consultation and credible results. The coefficient of variation for both the first and second rounds is less than 0.15，indicating that the expert’s judgment results are relatively consistent. The Consensus summarizes 10 main topics related to the terminology and definitions，scope of application and contraindications，personnel qualifications and training，pre-puncture preparation，pre-puncture evaluation，puncture implementation，puncture needle fixation，needle removal，operational precautions，and material handling of internal fistula soft needle puncture. Conclusion The Consensus has strong practicality and scientific validity，providing clinical operation practices and teaching guidance for the puncture operation technology of arteriovenous fistulas using fistula soft catheter needles，thereby promoting the standardized development of this technology.

Expert consensus on lifestyle management and nursing care in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility

Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association Assisted Reproductive Care（Writing Committee：SONG Donghong，SUN Hongmei，DOU Shanshan，WANG Panpan，SHI Li，MO Fengyi，WANG Ying）

2025, 60(22):  2698-2702.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.002

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Objective To formulate the expert consensus on lifestyle management for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome（PCOS） combined with infertility，and promote clinical nurses to standardize the implementation of lifestyle management for patients with PCOS combined with infertility. Methods Based on evidence-based methods and clinical needs，the guidelines，consensuses，systematic reviews and original studies related to PCOS management at home and abroad were systematically reviewed，and the relevant evidence was evaluated and summarized to form the first draft of the consensus. Through 2 rounds of expert consultation and a round of expert demonstration meeting，the content was adjusted and the “consensus” was formed. Results A total of 28 experts responded to the letter inquiry. The positive coefficient of experts was 100%；the authority coefficient was 0.95；the average score of the importance assignment of each item was>4；the coefficient of variation was <0.25. The Kendall’s W coefficients of the 2 rounds of expert opinions were 0.479 and 0.287，P<0.001. The final “consensus” included 5 first-level items，20 second-level items，and 42 third-level items，defining the key management population of polycystic ovary syndrome combined with infertility，building a health management team，nursing assessment，lifestyle management，psychological counseling and information support. Conclusion The “consensus” is scientific，rigorous and authoritative，covering the lifestyle management of PCOS patients with infertility，which can provide references and guidance for clinical practice.

Specialist Nursing Practice and Research

Establishment and validation of a risk prediction model for hyperoxemia in patients after general anesthesia in the post-anesthesia care unit

SHENG Lile, ZHAO Zhenghua, LAN Xing, WANG Yu, ZHANG Tao, YANG Yiyi, YAO Shanglong

2025, 60(22):  2702-2708.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.003

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Objective To construct a risk prediction model for hyperoxemia in patients after general anesthesia in the post-anesthesia care unit（PACU） and verify its predictive effect. Methods A retrospective collection was conducted on 6 219 patients who underwent general anesthesia and entered the PACU from November 2023 to September 2024. They were divided into a hyperoxemia group（n=730） and a non-hyperoxemia group（n=5 489） based on the occurrence of hyperoxemia. The data of the 2 groups were compared；Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors；a risk prediction model was established；a nomogram was drawn to test the predictive effect of the model. A total of 1 557 patients in the PACU from October 2024 to January 2025 were selected as a validation group for model verification. Results The incidence of hyperoxemia after general anesthesia in the modeling group was 11.73%. Logistic regression analysis showed that surgical method，surgical site，surgical position，one-lung ventilation，duration of mechanical ventilation，use of PEEP，and inhaled oxygen concentration were the influencing factors of hyperoxemia. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that χ²=8.801 and P=0.359. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.945；the optimal cut-off value was 0.839；the sensitivity was 0.907；the specificity was 0.932；the model verification accuracy was 90.82%，indicating that the model had a good fitting effect and high predictive value. Conclusion This model can effectively predict the occurrence of hyperoxemia after general anesthesia，and all indicators can be obtained before entering the PACU，which can provide a reference for medical staff to identify early and take preventive nursing interventions for patients.

Current status and influencing factors of discharge readiness in patients with spinal vascular malformation after surgery

GUAN Xin, ZHAO Yuanyuan, YU Hui, GAO Ya, OU Mengxian, ZHAO Cheng

2025, 60(22):  2709-2715.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.004

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Objective To study the readiness for discharge of patients after spinal vascular malformation （SAVM） surgery and explore its influencing factors. Methods Using convenience sampling，we selected 198 patients who underwent spinal vascular malformation surgery at a tertiary A general hospital in Beijing between January 2022 and May 2025 and met the inclusion criteria. A general data questionnaire，Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale，Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale，and the Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-item scale were used to investigate and analyze the influencing factors. Results In this study，192 valid questionnaires were collected，achieving a recovery rate of 96.97%. The total score of readiness for discharge in patients after spinal vascular malformation surgery was 85.50（69.25，99.00）. Generalized linear model analysis revealed that family monthly income per capita，work status，spinal motor function at discharge，chronic disease self-efficacy，quality of discharge instructions，hospital stay duration，and self-care ability at discharge were the main influencing factors （P<0.05）. Conclusion The readiness for hospital discharge of patients with SAVM after surgery is at an upper-middle level and needs to be further improved. Medical staff should formulate personalized hospital guidance plans according to the influencing factors of patients’ readiness for hospital discharge to further improve patients’ readiness for hospital discharge.

Longitudinal qualitative study of rehabilitation engagement experience on postpartum patients with diastasis recti abdominis

LI Min, HAN Wenping, ZHANG Yinzhu, LI Hongmei, HAN Huiqin, SONG Jiaxin, ZHANG Zhiling

2025, 60(22):  2716-2722.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.005

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Objective This study explored the engagement experience change of postpartum patients with diastasis recti abdominis at different stages of rehabilitation，and provided references for the clinical practice. Methods This study employed purposive sampling method to select 18 postpartum patients with diastasis recti abdominis in an obstetric clinic of a tertiary hospital in Shanxi Province from September 2024 to March 2025 as research subjects. According to the “patient health engagement” model，4 semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients. The data was analyzed by the interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results A total of 4 themes and 16 subthemes were extracted，including limited function and insufficient disease awareness during blackout period（physical limitations，body image disturbance，psychological stress from social and family expectations，insufficient understanding of disease pathology and consequences），inadequate disease response during arousal period （deficiency in rehabilitation skills，insufficient ability to discriminate rehabilitation information，facing concerns about multiple role conflicts，lack of confidence in disease rehabilitation，disconnection between rehabilitation plans and daily life），insufficient support for diseases during adhesion period（incorrect disease attributions and blame among family members，imbalance in the distribution of parenting responsibilities within the family，insufficient support for community medical services，needs for improved continuity of medical service support），benefit finding during eudaimonic period（well recovery of physical functions，increased satisfaction with body and enhanced social confidence，positive rehabilitation role transformation）. Conclusion In different stages of rehabilitation engagement，the experience of patients is changing dynamically，and medical staff should provide individualized professional support systematically according to the care experience to promote their level of rehabilitation participation and improve the overall rehabilitation outcomes.

Symptom clusters and influencing factors in kidney transplant recipients during the early postoperative period

HAN Ye, LIU Yanhui, JIN Yan, LUO Ruzhen, ZHAI Jingbo, WANG Juan, ZHANG Mengqi

2025, 60(22):  2723-2730.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.006

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Objective To identify the types，composition，and influencing factors of symptom clusters in kidney transplant recipients during the early postoperative period，and to provide guidance for healthcare professionals in implementing precise symptom management strategies. Methods A total of 183 kidney transplant recipients who underwent renal transplantation in a tertiary hospital in Tianjin from May 2024 to March 2025 were enrolled as the research subjects by convenience sampling. The investigation was conducted using a general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of Modified Transplant Symptom Occurrence and Symptom Distress Scale. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to extract symptom clusters，and multiple stepwise linear regression was used to identify the influencing factors of symptom clusters. Results 180 valid questionnaires were recovered，with a valid response rate of 98.36%. Totally 4 symptom clusters were identified during the early postoperative phase by exploratory factor analysis，including energy deficiency symptom cluster，hormone disorder symptom cluster，emotional-sleep symptom cluster，and skin discomfort symptom cluster. Results of multiple stepwise linear regression showed that age，marital status，employment status，medical payment method，living situation，dialysis duration，preoperative comorbidities，blood glucose，and hemoglobin were influencing factors of symptom clusters（P<0.05）. Conclusion Kidney transplant recipients experience complex symptom profiles during the early postoperative period，which are influenced by demographic characteristics and disease-related factors. Healthcare providers should adopt symptom clusters as intervention modules and target influencing factors to develop precise symptom management strategies，thereby reducing the early postoperative readmission rate.

A study on the current status and influencing factors of infection control capabilities in nurses at tertiary general hospitals in Hohhot City

LIU Tianmeng, REN Haiyan, CHEN Xuexia, FENG Yaoqing, BAI Xue, WEN Ziyan, HAO Yuting

2025, 60(22):  2730-2736.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.007

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Objective To investigate the current status of infection outbreak prevention and control capabilities among nurses at tertiary general hospitals in Hohhot City and analyse the influencing factors，in order to provide a basis for formulating targeted intervention plans. Methods From July to August 2024，a multi-stage sampling method was used to select 1，823 nurses from 3 tertiary general hospitals in Hohhot City for the survey. The survey tools included a general information questionnaire，the Nurse Organisational Support Scale，the Perceived Stress Scale，the Work Engagement Scale，and the Questionnaire on Prevention and Control Competence of Nursing Staff for Infectious Disease Emergencies. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors influencing nurses’ capabilities for preventing infectious disease outbreaks. Results A total of 1，746 valid questionnaires were collected，with a response rate of 95.78%. The overall score for infection prevention and control capability was（117.51±20.20） points. Working years，department，whether the nurse had participated in training or drills related to infectious disease outbreaks，whether the nurse had been involved in rescue work during infectious disease outbreaks，perceived organisational support，perceived stress，and work engagement were identified as factors influencing nurses’ capabilities of infection prevention and control during infectious disease emergencies（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nurses’ capability to respond to infectious disease outbreaks is at a moderate level and needs to be further strengthened. Nursing managers should increase training efforts，pay attention to nurses’ mental health，and establish a good organisational environment so that nurses can better devote themselves to the prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks.

Sinicization of Family Caregiver Communication Tool-Chronic Illness and the test of its reliability and validity among dementia caregivers

ZHANG Wenmin, CHEN Baoyu, YI Mo, WANG Zhiwen

2025, 60(22):  2737-2741.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.008

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Objective To translate Family Caregiver Communication Tool-Chronic Illness（FCCT-CI） into Chinese and evaluate its reliability and validity among dementia family caregivers，thereby providing an effective assessment tool for evaluating communication patterns of dementia family caregivers. Methods Following Brislin’s translation model，the FCCT-CI was translated，back-translated，culturally adapted，and investigated to form the Chinese version. From May 2024 to May 2025，a convenience sample of 239 dementia caregivers was surveyed using the Chinese FCCT-CI. Totally 30 caregivers were retested after 6 weeks to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. 15 experts were invited to conduct content validity evaluation. Results 200 valid questionnaires were collected. The Chinese version of FCCT-CI consisted of 2 dimensions：conversation（5 items） and conformity（5 items）. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable model fit. The Item-Content Validity Index ranged from 0.867 to 1.000，and the Scale-Content Validity Index was 0.973. The Cronbach’s α coefficient for the overall scale was 0.822，and the test-retest reliability for the overall scale was 0.670. Conclusion The Chinese version of the FCCT-CI demonstrates satisfactory reliability and validity and is suitable for assessing communication patterns among dementia family caregivers in China，providing scientific basis for nursing interventions and decision-making.

Quality and Safety of Nursing Care

Construction and application of a resources and environment configuration program of family-integrated care wards for premature infants

XIONG Xiaoju, YU Yaqi, DING Lingli, YU Genzhen, YANG Qiaoyue, ZHANG Ping, LI Changyan, TAN Li, WANG Ying

2025, 60(22):  2742-2749.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.009

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Objective To develop and evaluate a resources and environment configuration program of family-integrated care wards for preterm infants，aiming to provide evidence-based references for implementing family integrated care in NICU. Methods Based on the concept of affective design，the resource environment configuration program for preterm infants’ family wards was formed through literature analysis and 2 rounds of expert correspondence. Using convenience sampling method，63 cases of preterm infants and their parents who were hospitalized in the family ward of the neonatology department of a tertiary-level hospital in Wuhan Province from September to November，2024 were selected as the study subjects，and the program was applied initially to compare the satisfaction，anxiety，parent-infant bonding，and incidence of preterm adverse events of preterm infants’ parents in the family ward before and after the application of the program. After the application of the program，healthcare personnel’s satisfaction with the resource environment configuration of the family ward was compared to the program. Results The finalized program included 3 primary indicators，10 secondary indicators，and 38 tertiary indicators. After the application of the program，a total of 60 premature infants and their parents completed this study，parents of preterm infants’ satisfaction and parent-infant bonding to the family ward increased and anxiety decreased compared with the pre-application period，and the differences were statistically significant（all P<0.05）. There were no adverse events during the implementation of the program. Conclusion The resource environment configuration program of the preterm infant family ward has high scientificness and practicality，and parents of preterm infants have high satisfaction with the program，and the application of the program reduces the anxiety level of parents of preterm infants and promotes their parent-infant bonding.

Survey on the current status of “Internet+” nursing services in public hospitals in Beijing

WANG Qingyu, LIU Lihui, LIU June, LIU Xinying, SONG Pengjuan, CAI Juan, JING Liwei, LI Jing, DU Juan, LI Chunyan, WU Xinjuan

2025, 60(22):  2750-2754.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.010

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Objective To investigate the current status and existing problems of “Internet+” nursing services in public hospitals in Beijing，and to provide a basis for policy optimization and practice improvement. Methods A cross-sectional research design was used to investigate the current status of “Internet+” nursing in all public hospitals in Beijing by means of a purposive sampling method in March 2025 through the channels of the Beijing Nursing Quality Control Center，collecting data on the degree of participation in the service，distribution of the projects，and the existing difficulties through an online questionnaire platform，and combining with SPSS 27.0 to conduct descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results A survey of 184 public hospitals in Beijing revealed that only 23.37%（43/184） offered “Internet+” nursing services，with tertiary hospitals being the primary providers （76.74%）. The services mainly focused on basic nursing care such as urinary catheter replacement（69.77%） and surgical wound dressing changes（58.14%），along with some specialized nursing items. Among these hospitals，34 reported an average monthly service volume of fewer than 50 cases（79.07%）. The major challenges included safety and privacy risks for nurses（79.07%） and inadequate policies/regulatory mechanisms（69.77%）. The most urgent needs were improving supervision mechanisms（87.50%） and including these services in medical insurance coverage（85.33%）. Conclusion Due to the low participation rate of “Internet+” nursing services in Beijing’s public hospitals，the limited service types and the insufficient supportive policies，there is an urgent need to promote the further development of home nursing services by improving the regulatory mechanism，incorporating high-frequency nursing service projects into the medical insurance，optimizing the incentive mechanism，expanding the service catalog，and intensifying the promotion of such initiatives.

Development and reliability and validity test of a Nurse-Patient Trust Scale for Specialized Nursing Clinics （Patient Version）

KOU Wenjing, WANG Peihao, JIA Shujing, LI Junge, WANG Kun

2025, 60(22):  2755-2761.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.011

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Objective To develop a Nurse-Patient Trust Scale for Specialized Nursing Clinics（Patient Version），so as to provide references for promoting the level of patient-nurse trust in specialized nursing clinics. Methods The initial scale was formed through literature review，semi-structure interviews，expert consultation and pre-survey. From October to December 2024，433 patients from specialized nursing clinics of 3 tertiary hospitals in Henan Province were selected for formal investigation to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The Nurse-Patient Trust Scale for Specialized Nursing Clinics（Patient Version） consisted of 4 dimensions with 32 items，namely professional competence，communication competence，hospital environment and sustainability. The total Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.968；the split-half reliability was 0.876；the retest reliability was 0.932；the content validity index was 0.963；the correlation coefficients between each dimension and total score of the scale and the calibration scale ranged from 0.661~0.754. The exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 common factors，with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 67.491%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale factor structure was stable. Conclusion The scale has good reliability and validity. It can be used to assess the level of patient-nurse trust in specialized nursing clinics. This will help nursing managers identify weak points in trust and optimize resource allocation，driving sustainable development of specialized nursing clinics.

Rare Disease and Critical Care

Nursing care of a patient with lower extremity invasive fusarium infection after heart transplantation

PAN Yueqiu, HUANG Fangfang, WEI Jianhua, LI Xuqin, JIANG Yunlong, LI Xufang, ZHANG Ping

2025, 60(22):  2762-2766.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.012

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This case report summarizes the nursing experience of a patient who developed an invasive fusarium infection of the lower limb following heart transplantation. Key nursing interventions included：staged wound management in combination with systemic antifungal therapy to promote wound healing；reshaping the immune function of patients and reducing the risk of infection；multimodal pain care to enhance the treatment comfort of patients；phased nutritional support to enhance nutritional status. After 70 days of intensive treatment and comprehensive nursing care，the patient’s condition stabilized，and the wound on the right lower limb was nearly healed，and no systemic infection occurred.

Nursing care of a child with delayed graft function and massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage after renal transplantation

SHEN Danjun, ZHU Jihua, FU Cangcang, FENG Jiayan, SHENG Meijun

2025, 60(22):  2766-2770.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.013

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To summarize the nursing care of a child with delayed graft function and massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage after renal transplantation. Nursing focuses are as following：to maintain blood perfusion of transplanted kidney，to improve delayed recovery of graft function；to implement scientific immunosuppressive management strategies，to provide accurate medication care；to start highly effective anti-shock treatment，to actively cooperate with endoscopic hemostasis；to implement gastrointestinal protection measures，to achieve gastrointestinal bleeding and immunosuppression coordinated care；implementation of phased nutritional support program to maintain gastroin-testinal homeostasis；to carry out individual rehabilitation nursing，to alleviate the negative emotions of children and their families. After careful treatment and nursing care，the children were discharged 59 days after operation and followed up for 1 year，and the transplanted kidney recovered well and the child returned to normal life.

Perinatal nursing care for a patient with primary intraocular lymphoma complicated by neurosyphilis：a case report

LI Ruiwen, NI Yang, HAN Yu, WANG Jingyu

2025, 60(22):  2771-2775.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.014

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This care summarizes the nursing experience for a patient with primary intraocular lymphoma complicated by neurosyphilis. The highlights of nursing for the case were as follows. Preoperative integration of multi-disciplinary resources to establish a multi-disciplinary team；postoperative medication care for ocular and systemic treatment；providing targeted depression assessment and psychological care，accurately identifying central nervous system symptoms and preventing complications；during the follow-up period，conducting personalized health guidance stage by stage；providing low vision rehabilitation guidance. Through active multidisciplinary treatment and meticulous nursing care，the patient achieved visual acuity improvement and stable mood，and the patient was successfully discharged. During a year of continuous outpatient follow-up，the patient completed intraocular and systemic chemotherapy，achieved complete tumor remission，and remained in good condition.

Evidence Synthesis Research

Feelings and experiences of transition shock for newly graduated registered nurses：a qualitative systematic review

FENG Liu, ZHANG Juan, CHEN Xiaorong, WANG Xuan

2025, 60(22):  2775-2782.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.015

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Objective This study aims to integrate the research findings on the transition shock experiences of newly graduated registered nurses in China as they shift from nursing students to clinical nurses，so as to provide references for them to smoothly go through the transition period and alleviate transition shock. Methods Electronic searches were performed in PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，CINAHL，the Cochrane Library，CNKI，VIP Database，WanFang Data，CBM（Chinese Biomedical Literature Database），and the Chinese Medical Journal Full-Text Database to identify qualitative studies exploring the transition shock experiences of newly graduated registered nurses in China，with the search period ranging from January 1，2016，to July 1，2025. Study quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Meta-aggregation was employed for evidence synthesis. Results A total of 11 studies（51 findings） were included. Findings were aggregated into 8 categories and synthesized into 3 integrated themes：①multidimensional shocks and challenges，including psychological and emotional distress，physiological and physical manifestations，social adaptation difficulties，and professional competence insufficiency；②dilemma coping strategies，including self-adjustment and proactive response，as well as external environmental support；③confidence reconstruction and career transformation，including capability enhancement and confidence reshaping，as well as professional integration and self-actualization. Conclusion Newly graduated registered nurses face various challenges during the transition from nursing students to clinical nurses. Nursing managers should pay attention to the feelings of newly graduated registered nurses during this transition and develop targeted support plans to help them smoothly navigate this period.

Facilitators and barriers to weight management in overweight or obesity older adults：a qualitative Meta-synthesis

LI Lin, HUANG Huanhuan, REN Keke, DU Xingyao, ZHOU Wei, YU Xinyu, SHI Haoning, LI Shan, ZHAO Qinghua

2025, 60(22):  2783-2790.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.016

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Objective To systematically evaluate and integrate the facilitators and barriers to weight management in overweight or obesity older adults，so as to provide references for developing targeted weight management intervention strategies. Methods We searched qualitative studies on weight management in overweight or obese elderly from PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，CINAHL，Cochrane library，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP database，and China Biomedical Literature Database，and the search time period was from the establishment of the databases to April 4，2025. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Brigg Institute Australian Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research（2016），and the results were integrated by integrating methods. Results A total of 10 studies were included，from which 33 research findings were extracted. These findings were ultimately categorized into 12 classes and integrated into 2 integrated results：the facilitators include perceived threat of overweight or obesity，emphasis on health and body shape，self-management methods，experience of benefit，and social support network；the barriers include physiological and disease limitations，insufficient health literacy，changes in life attitude and lifestyle，family role conflicts，inadequate medical system services，social perceptions and psychological barriers，and external environmental and resource constraints. Conclusion Weight management in overweight or obese older adults is influenced by multiple facilitating and hindering factors. Therefore，healthcare professionals should conduct a comprehensive assessment of these individuals，fully consider their needs and preferences，and develop personalized and age-appropriate intervention strategies to enhance their participation and compliance in weight management.

Systematic evaluation of patient-reported outcome measures for bladder cancer patients

ZHONG Liyi, JIA Mingfang, LUO Yingxia

2025, 60(22):  2790-2797.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.017

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Objective To systematically evaluate the measurement properties and methodological quality of patient-reported outcome measures（PROMs） for bladder cancer patients，providing a basis for selecting high-quality assessment tools in clinical practice. Methods A systematic search of the studies related to PROMs for bladder cancer patients was conducted across such databases as PubMed，MedLine，CINAHL，Cochrane Library，Web of Science，Embase，China Biology Medicine disc（CBMdisc），Wanfang Database，CNKI，and VIP Database.The search timeframe spanned from their database inception to January 2025. Totally 2 researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data. The methodological quality and measurement properties of the included studies were evaluated using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments（COSMIN） risk of bias checklist and quality criteria，and recommendations were formulated based on these assessments. Results Totally 14 studies involving 9 PROMs were included. The Bladder Utility Symptom Scale（BUSS） and Bladder Cancer Index （BCI） were recommended as Grade A. The remaining 7 tools were categorized as Grade B. The cross-cultural validity of tools was not assessed. Conclusion Current PROMs tools for bladder cancer exhibit significant heterogeneity in psychometric properties. Further optimization of development processes，cross-cultural validation，and large-sample studies are needed. BUSS and BCI are the currently optimal tools，but their long-term dynamic monitoring capabilities require further attention.

Review

Scoping review of risk prediction models for recurrence of hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis

WANG Wenshuang, JIN Jin, LIU Xia, YANG Yang, WANG Xinran

2025, 60(22):  2798-2804.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.018

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Objective To systematically synthesize risk prediction models for recurrence in patients with hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis（HTG-AP），providing evidence-based references to inform clinical decision-making. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，CINAHL，Cochrane Library，CNKI，Wanfang Database，VIP Database，and CBM，covering all publications from database inception to July 2025. Totally 2 researchers independently conducted literature screening，data extraction，methodological quality assessment，and content synthesis. Results A total of 13 studies were included，encompassing 13 distinct risk prediction models. 7 models reported area under the curve（AUC） values ranging from 0.656 to 0.962，and 9 underwent calibration analysis. Younger age，comorbid diabetes mellitus，pre-existing hyperlipidemia，severity of acute pancreatitis，triglyceride levels≥5.6 mmol/L at 12-month follow-up，and sustained use of triglyceride-lowering medications（≥3 months） were identified as key predictors in the risk prediction models for recurrence of HTG-AP. Conclusion Risk prediction models for HTG-AP recurrence remain in the developmental stage. While these models demonstrate favorable predictive performance，they exhibit a high risk of bias. Future research should prioritize standardizing model development and validation protocols to provide healthcare professionals with high-quality，clinically practical tools for decision-making.

Progress in the application of haptic technology in the assessment of cognitive function and rehabilitation training for older adults with mild cognitive impairment

YAN Jingjing, SONG Yulei, YIN Haiyan, YIN Tingting, YANG Bingqing, LUO Dan, XU Guihua, BAI Yamei, Helen Yue-Lai CHAN

2025, 60(22):  2805-2810.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.019

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Mild cognitive impairment（MCI） serves as a critical precursor stage to Alzheimer’s disease. Early precise assessment and effective rehabilitation interventions are crucial for delaying cognitive decline，improving quality of life，and alleviating the social care burden. Haptic technology，with its non-invasive，multi-channel sensing，and neuromodulation advantages，offers new approaches for the assessment and rehabilitation of MCI. This paper reviews the theoretical foundations，technical classifications，and applications of haptic technology in MCI assessment and rehabilitation，analyzes the challenges it faces，and provides recommendations to optimize clinical care practices for MCI and promote early assessment and intervention.

Research progress and nursing implications of risk factors and intervention strategies for unplanned readmission in sepsis patients

XIANG Xinyue, GAO Chunhua, CHU Junqing, LIN Yan, REN Yayu, HU Huiling, GENG Ke, WEI Xuefu, XIE Shilong, QIAO Wenbo

2025, 60(22):  2811-2817.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.22.020

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Patients with sepsis often experience new functional deficits and cognitive impairments after discharge，with a persistently high rate of unplanned readmissions. This severely affects their quality of life and increases the medical burden. This article reviews the causes，risk factors，prediction models，and intervention measures of unplanned readmission in sepsis patients. It aims to help nurses identify high-risk groups，and provide references for optimizing nursing plans and constructing a full-cycle personalized care system.