Abstract:

Objective To gain insights into the supportive care needs of liver transplant recipients，in order to provide references for the formulation of effective and targeted intervention strategies. Methods Phenomenological research method was employed to conduct semi-structural in-depth interviews with 16 liver transplant recipients in the liver transplant center of a tertiary hospital in Shanghai from November 2021 to April 2022. Colaizzi 7-step analysis method and Nvivo software were used to analyze and extract the themes. Results 5 themes were extracted，including symptom management needs，longing for the perception and avoidance of recurrence risk，disease information management needs，emotional and psychological support and the return to social roles. Conclusion The physical distress and burden of liver transplantation recipients coexist. Although the initiative to seek medical treatment is high，the perception level of disease recurrence risk is not high. In order to meet the needs of liver transplant recipients and improve their quality of life，it is necessary to strengthen the health education of disease symptom management and related risk factors，pay attention to psychological counseling and strengthen social support，and provide targeted treatment care.

Key words: Liver Transplant Recipients, Supportive Care, Demand Management, Qualitative Study, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 深入了解肝移植受者支持性照护需求，为制订有针对性的干预策略提供参考。 方法 采用现象学研究方法，于2021年12月—2022年4月在上海市某三级甲等医院肝脏移植中心对16例肝移植受者进行半结构化深度访谈，使用Colaizzi 7步分析法，运用Nvivo软件进行数据的收集、整理及主题提炼。 结果 共提炼出5个主题，分别为疾病症状管理需求，渴望能感知并规避复发风险，疾病信息管理需求，情感与心理支持，回归社会角色。 结论 肝移植受者的躯体困扰和负担感受同时存在，虽主动就诊积极性高，但对疾病复发风险感知水平不高。医护人员应加强疾病症状管理及复发相关知识的健康教育，重视心理疏导及加强社会支持，提供针对性地治疗与照护，以满足肝移植受者需求，提高其生活质量。

关键词: 肝移植受者, 支持性照护, 需求管理, 质性研究, 护理