Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the current status of knowledge，attitudes，and practices（KAP） regarding home bathing among ostomy patients and analyze the influencing factors，aiming to provide targeted improvement suggestions for clinical nursing practice. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select 435 ostomy patients who were followed up at specialized ostomy care clinics in 16 tertiary hospitals across 11 prefecture-level cities in Zhejiang Province from July to October 2023. Data were collected using a general information survey and a questionnaire assessing KAP of home bathing for ostomy patients. Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to explore the influencing factors. Results A total of 418 valid questionnaires were recovered，with an effective recovery rate of 96.09%. The scores on the Ostomy Patients’ Home Bathing KAP Assessment Questionnaire ranged from 40 to 104 points（72.32±12.95），with a passing score of 72 points. 221 patients passed，achieving a pass rate of 52.87%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that educational level，type of caregivers，postoperative time，and changes in postoperative bathing methods and frequency were significant influencing factors for the current status of home bathing among ostomy patients（P<0.05）. Conclusion Ostomy patients have a moderate level of knowledge about home bathing，a relatively negative attitude，and behaviors that need improvement. It is recommended that clinical nursing staff timely assess the bathing abilities and needs of patients，develop personalized bathing guidance and follow-up plans based on specific circumstances，promote self-care awareness，assist in the early recovery of bathing habits，and thereby enhance the knowledge，attitudes，and practices of home bathing in patients with ostomy to meet their hygiene needs.

Key words: Ostomy, Bathing, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 评估造口患者居家沐浴的知识、态度和行为现状，并分析其影响因素，以期为临床护理实践提供针对性的建议。 方法 采用便利抽样法，选取2023年7月—10月在浙江省11个地级市的16所三级甲等医院造口专科护理门诊随访的435例造口患者作为调查对象。通过一般资料调查表和造口患者居家沐浴知信行评估问卷收集数据，采用单因素分析和多元线性回归分析探讨影响因素。 结果 共回收有效问卷418份，有效回收率为96.09%。造口患者居家沐浴知信行评估问卷总分为40~104（72.32±12.95）分，共221例患者合格（72分为合格标准），合格率为52.87%。多元线性回归分析显示，文化程度、照护者、造口术后时间以及术后沐浴方式和频次有无改变是造口患者居家沐浴知行现状的影响因素（P<0.05）。 结论 造口患者在居家沐浴知识方面掌握处于中等水平，态度较为消极，行为有待加强。建议护士适时评估造口患者的沐浴能力和需求，依据具体情况，制订个性化的沐浴指导和随访方案，激发自我护理意识，助力沐浴习惯早期恢复，以提升造口患者的居家沐浴知信行水平，满足患者的卫生需求。

关键词: 造口, 沐浴, 影响因素分析, 护理