Abstract:

Objective To review the research of self-management intervention in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation，clarify the intervention elements，so as to provide references for clinical practice and future related research. Methods According to the scoping review framework，a literature search was performed in the PubMed，Embase，CINAHL，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，CNKI，Wan fang Database，VIP，CBMdisc for all the studies on self-management intervention of patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to December，2022. There were 2 researchers who extracted and analyzed the data of the included literature. Results A total of 12 articles were included，including 3 randomized controlled trials，8 quasi-experimental studies，and 1 mixed study. 6 studies were conducted with interventions based on the theoretical basis or nursing model such as self-management oriented 5A nursing model，continuous nursing model，problem-based learning theory. The intervention methods of 12 studies included nurse-led self-management guidance，mobile applications，multidisciplinary collaboration，and graphic cards. The intervention time was mostly 1~3 months. The outcome indicators included feasibility evaluation indicators such as operability，ease of use，and user satisfaction of the application，and effect evaluation indicators such as self-management ability，quality of life，and medication compliance of patients. The results showed that self-management interventions could improve patient self-management ability，quality of life，medication compliance，and improve their psychological and nutritional status. Conclusion The research on self-management intervention in patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is still in the development stage，and its positive effect has been preliminarily verified. Medical staff should strengthen the self-management evaluation of patients with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation，play the role of multidisciplinary team，use electronic health intervention methods，and formulate multi-level，scientific and effective self-management intervention programs.

Key words: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Self-Management, Intervention Studies, Scoping Review, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 对造血干细胞移植患者自我管理干预研究进行范围综述，明确干预要素，为临床实践和未来开展相关研究提供参考。 方法 按照范围综述框架，系统检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中有关造血干细胞移植患者自我管理的干预研究，检索时限为建库至2022年12月。由2名研究者对纳入文献进行数据提取及汇总分析。 结果 共纳入12篇文献，包括3项随机对照试验、8项类实验研究、1项混合性研究。6项研究基于以自我管理为导向的5A护理模式、持续护理模式、以问题为基础的学习理论等理论依据或护理模式进行干预；12项研究的干预方法包括护士主导的自我管理指导以及通过移动应用程序、多学科协作、图文卡片进行干预；干预时长多为1~3个月，结局指标包括移动应用程序的可操作性、易用性、用户满意度等可行性评价指标以及患者的自我管理能力、生活质量、服药依从性等效果评价指标；研究结果显示，通过自我管理干预能够提升患者的自我管理能力、生活质量、服药依从性，改善其心理及营养状况。 结论 造血干细胞移植患者自我管理干预研究尚处于发展阶段，其积极影响已得到初步验证。医护人员应加强造血干细胞移植患者自我管理评估，发挥多学科团队作用、利用电子健康干预手段，制订多层次、科学有效的自我管理干预方案。

关键词: 造血干细胞移植, 自我管理, 干预研究, 范围综述, 护理