Analysis of environmental factors and impact path of physical activity in pregnant women

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.17.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the environmental factors of physical activity among pregnant women，so as to provide a basis for the formulation of targeted intervention programs. Methods Using convenient sampling method，from May to December 2021，we investigated 1200 pregnant women who were received routine prenatal examination in obstetric clinic of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang province with the general information questionnaire，Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire，Falls Efficacy Scale International，Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool，and Social Support Rate Scale. Univariate analysis，Spearman correlation were used to analysis the data，and the structural equation model was established. Results A total of 1118 pregnant women were enrolled，and only 202（18.70%） of whom met the criteria of physical activity. Pathway analysis showed that fear of falling，residential environment and social support had a direct impact on the physical activity during pregnancy with an effect of -0.168，0.326 and 0.381，respectively. Residential environment also affected physical activity through the independent mediating effect of fear of falling with an effect of 0.074，accounting for 18.50% of the total effects. Social support also affected physical activity through the independent mediating effect of residential environment and fear of falling，and the chain mediating effect of residential environment and fear of falling，accounting for 34.20% of the total effects. Conclusion The rate of pregnant women met the criteria of physical activity is low. Medical staff should pay attention to the impact of fear of falling，residential environment and social support on physical activity during pregnancy，and take targeted measures to increase the level of activity，so as to improve the level of physical activity during pregnancy.

Key words: Pregnant Women, Physical Activity, Fear of Falling, Residential Environment, Social Support, Pathway Analysis, Perinatal Care

摘要：

目的探究影响孕妇孕期体力活动的环境因素及作用路径，为制订针对性的运动干预策略提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，于2021年5月—12月使用一般资料调查表、孕期身体活动问卷、国际跌倒效能量表、居家跌倒风险筛查量表、社会支持评定量表对浙江省某三级甲等妇产科医院产科门诊常规产前检查的1 200名孕妇进行问卷调查。进行单因素分析、Spearman相关分析，并使用Mplus 7.4软件构建并检验链式中介模型。结果最终共纳入1 118名孕妇，202名（18.07%）孕妇孕期体力活动达标。跌倒恐惧、居住环境、社会支持对孕妇孕期体力活动的直接效应成立，效应值分别为-0.168、0.326、0.381；居住环境通过跌倒恐惧的中介作用间接影响孕期体力活动，效应值为0.074，占总效应的18.50%；社会支持通过居住环境、跌倒恐惧的单独中介作用及居住环境-跌倒恐惧的链式中介作用间接影响孕妇孕期体力活动，效应值为0.198，占总效应的34.20%。结论孕妇孕期体力活动达标率较低，临床医护人员应重视跌倒恐惧、居住环境、社会支持对孕妇孕期体力活动的影响，实施科学、精准的运动管理，以提高孕妇孕期体力活动水平。

关键词: 孕妇, 体力活动, 跌倒恐惧, 居住环境, 社会支持, 路径分析, 围产期护理

WANG Yupeng, XU Ping, FENG Suwen. Analysis of environmental factors and impact path of physical activity in pregnant women[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(17): 2119-2125.

王玉鹏, 徐萍, 冯素文. 影响孕妇孕期体力活动的环境因素及路径分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(17): 2119-2125.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1 The general data of subjects and the results of univariate analysis of predictors for physical activity during pregnancy

Table 2 Scores of Falls Efficacy Scale International， Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool and Social Support Rate Scale（n=1 118，score，$\bar{x}±s$）

Figure 1 Structural equation model diagram of environmental factors affecting physical activity during pregnancy

Table 3 The effect values of each variable on physical activity of pregnant women during pregnancy

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