Abstract:

Objective To explore the different application types of combined exercises in patients with type 2 diabetes，and to clarify the characteristics of different combined exercises. Methods Guided by the scoping review framework proposed by Arksey et al.，a literature search was performed in the Chinese and English literature Databases. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the database to February 26，2022，and relevant information such as research subjects，sample size and monitoring indicators of the included literature was extracted. Results A total of 18 articles were included. Combined exercises can be divided into different combined types by exercise types（same，different），intensity（high intensity intermittent，moderate-intensity continuous，mixed intensity and different intensities of resistance） and sequence（dual-task，interactive and sequential）. When applied to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus，combined exercises not only present a single aspect of characteristics，but also intersect with each other. Conclusion The 3 combined exercises have a significant impact in terms of increasing exercise variety，adjusting exercise rhythms and enhancing exercise effects. However，there are still limitations in exercise selection and effect evaluation. Therefore，there is still a need to further explore how to develop normative operational standards，intelligently recommend personalised programmes and identify suitable populations in combined exercises.

Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Exercise, Scoping Review, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 探索2型糖尿病患者联合运动的不同类型，明确不同联合运动方式的特征，为2型糖尿病患者提供不同联合运动方式的个性化选择。 方法 以Arksey等提出的范围综述框架为指导，检索中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library及中国临床试验注册中心的相关研究。检索时限为建库至2022年2月26日，提取纳入文献的研究对象、样本量、监测指标等相关信息。 结果 纳入18篇文献，联合运动按照运动方式（相同、不同）、强度（高强度间歇、中等强度持续、混合强度和抗阻的不同强度）和顺序（双任务式、交互式和序贯式）可分为不同的联合类型，在应用于2型糖尿病患者时，联合运动不仅呈现出单一运动的特征，同时各运动类型彼此交叉。 结论 3种联合类型在提高运动多样性、调整运动节奏、增强运动效果等方面有显著作用，但对于运动选择、效果评价等方面仍存在局限性，虽然能在较大程度上满足2型糖尿病患者的个性化诉求，但仍未形成规范的组合范式。因此，在联合运动中如何制订规范性操作标准、智能推荐个性化方案、识别适用人群仍需要进一步探索。

关键词: 糖尿病, 2型, 运动, 范围综述, 护理