Abstract:

Objective To construct a multidimensional physical functions and cognitive function among community-dwelling older adults in Beijing，and identify core and key bridge nodes，providing references for the prevention and intervention of functional impairments. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling. The 747 older adults from a community in Beijing were enrolled as participants. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire，the Mini-Mental State Examination，and the Short Physical Performance Battery. Network analysis was employed to conduct functional network and analyze the correlation between physical and cognitive functions in community-dwelling older adults. Results A total of 704 valid questionnaires were collected，with an effective questionnaire recovery rate of 94.2%. The most common functional impairments among community-dwelling older adults were gait speed and muscle strength. The top 3 nodes ranked by strength centrality were balance（r_s=2.060），attention and calculation（r_s=2.038） and recall ability（r_s=2.017）. The top 3 nodes ranked by bridge strength were balance（r_bs=1.147） and muscle strength（r_bs=1.013），followed by gait speed（r_bs=0.881）. The network analysis results remained stable after adjusting for covariates. Conclusion The attention，calculation，recall ability，and balance function are the core nodes driving the overall functional network，while balance，muscle strength，and gait speed are the critical bridges connecting the cognitive and physical function. Intervention strategy that implements a dual-task paradigm centered on attention/calculation，recall ability and balance，while concurrently reinforcing interventions targeting balance，muscle strength and gait speed，represents the most cost-effective improvement in overall functionality and synergistic enhancement of physical and cognitive states.

Key words: Physical Function, Cognitive Function, Functional Network Analysis, Geriatric Nursing

摘要：

目的 构建社区老年人躯体和认知多维功能网络，探索功能间的内部关联机制，识别核心节点与关键桥梁节点，为预防和干预功能障碍提供参考。 方法 采用横断面调查，方便选取北京市某社区747例老年人为调查对象，应用一般资料调查表、简易体能状况量表、简易智能精神状态检查量表进行调查，采用网络分析方法构建社区老年人躯体和认知多维功能网络并进行关联分析。 结果 共收集有效问卷704份，有效问卷回收率为94.2%。步速与肌力是社区老年人表现最差的2个功能维度，强度中心性指标前3位指标为平衡（r_s=2.060）、注意力和计算力（r_s=2.038）、回忆能力（r_s=2.017）。桥梁强度中心性指标前3位为平衡（r_bs=1.147）、肌力（r_bs=1.013）、步速（r_bs=0.881）。协变量调整后的网络分析结果保持稳定。 结论 注意力和计算力、回忆能力与平衡功能是驱动整体功能网络的核心节点，而平衡、肌力与步速则是连接认知与躯体功能的关键桥梁。实施以注意力和计算力、回忆能力与平衡功能为核心的认知-躯体双任务干预范式，并强化以平衡、肌力与步速为靶点的干预措施，是实现整体功能改善、协同提升躯体与认知状态最具效益比的干预目标。

关键词: 躯体功能, 认知功能, 功能网络分析, 老年人护理