Abstract:

Objective This scoping review systematically examines current evidence on prehabilitation interventions for patients undergoing hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） surgery. The study aims to establish an evidence-based foundation for optimizing perioperative care in clinical nursing practice and inform the development of standardized prehabilitation protocols for future research. Methods According to the research method of scope review，Cochrane Library，PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，China Biomedical Literature Database，China Knowledge Network，Wanfang Database，and VIP Database were searched. The included literature was screened，summarized and analyzed. The literature search covered the period from the establishment of the database up to 30 November 2024. Totally 2 professionally trained researchers independently screened，extracted，and analyzed the included studies in accordance with the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results A total of 16 papers were included，including 11 randomized controlled studies（RCTs），4 retrospective studies and 1 class-experimental study. Prehabilitation is systematically implemented through 3 core modalities（nutritional optimization，structured exercise training，and psychological interventions） to enhance patients’ physiological and psychological readiness for surgery，thereby improving operative outcomes and facilitating postoperative recovery. Conclusion Adopting a series of prehabilitation measures for patients with HCC undergoing elective surgery can improve the physical and psychological status of patients with HCC，enhance postoperative quality of life，and thus optimize clinical outcomes. Future studies should focus on exploring the optimal combination of prehabilitation strategies，formulating precise programmes based on individualized differences，strengthening patient compliance monitoring，and realizing efficient management with the help of digital technology.

Key words: Carcinoma，Hepatocellular, Prehabilitation, Nursing Care, Scoping Review

摘要：

目的 对预康复在肝癌手术患者中的应用现状进行范围综述，旨在为临床护理实践中优化围手术期管理提供依据，并为未来研究设计标准化预康复方案提供参考。方法 根据范围综述的研究方法，检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库。检索时限为建库至2024年11月30日，由2名接受过专业培训的研究者依据纳入、排除标准对文献进行筛选，提炼、汇总和分析。结果 共纳入16篇文献，包括11项随机对照试验、4项回顾性研究、1项类实验研究。预康复主要通过营养支持、运动训练及心理干预等方式，帮助患者在术前达到较好的身体及心理状态，从而提升手术效果，加速术后恢复。结论 对择期手术的肝癌患者采取一系列预康复措施，可改善肝癌患者的身体及心理状态，提高术后生活质量，从而优化临床结局。在今后的研究中应注重探索最佳组合的预康复策略，结合个体化差异制订精准干预方案，加强患者依从性监测，借助数字化技术实现高效管理。

关键词: 肝癌, 预康复, 护理, 范围综述