关键词: 新生儿, 皮肤, 尿布皮炎, 湿疹, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To develop a home skin care guidance scheme for newborns，and initially implement it to reducing the risk of skin-related issues. Methods Searching both domestic and international databases，we identified relevant literature. Following a quality evaluation，evidence integration，and group discussions，we developed the content of the home skin care guidance for newborns. Subsequently，we refined this content through 2 rounds of expert consultations to finalize the scheme. To initially implement the scheme，we conveniently selected 20 healthy newborns born between August 1st and 15th，2024，at a tertiary-level comprehensive hospital in Fujian Province as an experimental group. Their parents received skin care guidance based on our scheme via a WeChat platform. In contrast，we selected another group of 20 healthy newborns delivered between July 1st and 15th，2024，at the same hospital as a control group；their parents were provided with conventional skin care guidance. We compared the incidence rates of diaper dermatitis and eczema between these 2 groups of newborns at a month of age. Results A total of 33 experts from 30 tertiary hospitals across 19 provinces（including autonomous regions and municipalities） were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey. The response rates for both rounds of expert questionnaires reached 100%. The authority coefficients for the experts were recorded at 0.78 and 0.83，while the Kendall concordance coefficients were found to be 0.188 and 0.142（all P<0.001）. The final newborn home skin care guidance scheme consists of 6 first-level items，41 second-level items，such as the selection of newborn care products，methods for neonatal bathing and prevention of neonatal diaper dermatitis，and so on. Preliminary application results indicated that the incidence of diaper dermatitis in the experimental group was significantly lower than that observed in the control group，with a statistically significant difference noted（P=0.047）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of eczema between the 2 groups at the age of a month（P=0.201）. Conclusion The Neonatal Home Skin Care Guidance Scheme for newborns has been demonstrated to be scientific，reliable and feasible. The implementation of this scheme has proven beneficial in reducing the incidence of diaper dermatitis at a month of age. However，the sample size needs to be expanded to further verify its implementation effect.

Key words: Newborn, Skin, Diaper Dermatitis, Eczema, Pediatric Nursing