医疗护理员培训困境的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.13.015

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (13): 1837-1844.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.13.015

• 人力资源管理与职业发展 • 上一篇下一篇

医疗护理员培训困境的质性研究

明爱红¹(), 龙秀红², 梁志金², 李砺²^,^*(), 叶桦², 罗晴², 赵嘉宁², 杨小艺², 刘倪杏²

¹ 广东江门中医药职业学院护理学院广东省江门市 529000
² 广西中医药大学第二附属医院护理部南宁市 530001

收稿日期:2026-01-05 出版日期:2026-07-10 发布日期:2026-07-01
*通讯作者: 李砺，E-mail：731072978@qq.com
作者简介:明爱红：女，硕士，讲师，主管护师，E-mail：641575378@qq.com
第一联系人：作者贡献声明
明爱红：选题设计、资料收集分析、论文撰写与修改；龙秀红、梁志金：研究指导、论文修改；李砺：研究指导、基金支持；叶桦、罗晴：资料收集与分析、论文修改；赵嘉宁、杨小艺、刘倪杏：资料分析、论文审阅
基金资助:
广西壮族自治区卫生健康委科研课题(ZA20240806)

A qualitative study on the dilemmas in nursing assistant training

MING Aihong¹(), LONG Xiuhong², LIANG Zhijin², LI Li²^,^*(), YE Hua², LUO Qing², ZHAO Jianing², YANG Xiaoyi², LIU Nixing²

¹ Nursing School of Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medicine College， Jiangmen， Guangdong Province 529000， China
² Nursing Department， the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine， Nanning 530001， China.

Received:2026-01-05 Online:2026-07-10 Published:2026-07-01
* Corresponding author: LI Li，E-mail：731072978@qq.com
Funding program:
Research Project of the Health Commission of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(ZA20240806)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解医疗护理员培训过程中面临的困境，为优化培训策略、提升培训质量提供依据。方法于2024年4—9月，采用目的抽样法，选取南宁市参与医疗护理员培训的14名医疗护理员、11名培训师和9名管理者为研究对象，进行面对面半结构化访谈，采用Colaizzi 7步法进行资料分析。结果提炼出5个主题和13个亚主题，包括认知偏差（理论知识接受度低、人文关怀理解不足）、自我效能感薄弱（培训互动意愿不强、备考应试焦虑）、多重角色冲突（时间精力难以平衡、培训组织协调困难）、培训资源条件有限（自主学习渠道缺失、教学督导途径滞后、专科培训适配不足）、社会认同低（培训预期价值不高、激励机制效果有限、培训资源利用低效、培训成果认可度低）。结论医疗护理员培训面临多重困境，建议从构建适配学情的培训方案、革新教学模式、建立与管理协同且与激励挂钩的机制等方面优化培训。

关键词: 医疗护理员, 培训, 质性研究, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To identify the dilemmas in the nursing assistant training，so as to provide evidence for optimizing training strategies and improving training quality. Methods From April to September 2024，a purposive sampling method was adopted to select 14 nursing assistants，11 trainers，and 9 administrators involved in nursing assistant training in Nanning as research subjects. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted，and the data were analyzed using the 7-step Colaizzi method. Results A total of 5 themes and 13 sub-themes were extracted：cognitive bias（low acceptance of theoretical knowledge，insufficient understanding of humanistic care），weak self-efficacy（lack of interaction during training，anxiety for examination），multiple role conflicts（difficulty balancing time and energy，challenges in training coordination and organization），limited training resources and conditions（lack of independent learning channels，delayed teaching supervision approaches，inadequate adaptation of specialized training），and low social recognition（uncertain expected value of training，limited effect of incentive mechanisms，inefficient utilization of training resources，low recognition of training outcomes）. Conclusion Nursing assistant training is confronted with multiple dilemmas. It is recommended to optimize the training by constructing context-adapted training programs，innovating teaching models，and establishing mechanisms coordinated with management and linked to incentives.

Key words: Nursing Assistant, Training, Qualitative Study, Nursing Management Research

明爱红, 龙秀红, 梁志金, 李砺, 叶桦, 罗晴, 赵嘉宁, 杨小艺, 刘倪杏. 医疗护理员培训困境的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(13): 1837-1844.

MING Aihong, LONG Xiuhong, LIANG Zhijin, LI Li, YE Hua, LUO Qing, ZHAO Jianing, YANG Xiaoyi, LIU Nixing. A qualitative study on the dilemmas in nursing assistant training[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(13): 1837-1844.

图/表 1

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医疗护理员培训困境的质性研究

A qualitative study on the dilemmas in nursing assistant training

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