沉浸式虚拟现实技术对外周性前庭功能障碍患者康复效果的Meta分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.09.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的系统评价沉浸式虚拟现实技术（immersive virtual reality，IVR）用于外周性前庭功能障碍（peripheral vestibular dysfunction，PVD）患者的康复效果，为设计高效的康复训练方案提供理论依据与实践指导。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、CINAHL、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库及中国生物医学文献数据库中有关IVR对PVD患者干预效果的随机对照试验，检索时限为建库至2025年2月。采用RevMan 5.4软件对纳入的文献进行Meta分析。结果共纳入10篇文献、491例PVD患者。IVR可改善PVD患者的眩晕症状[SMD=-1.41，95%CI（-1.58，-0.70），P<0.001]，亚组分析结果显示，干预频率<5次/周[SMD=-1.31，95%CI=（-1.96， -0.66），P<0.001]，单次干预时长<30 min[SMD=-1.45，95%CI=（-2.21，-0.70），P<0.001]，干预周期≤7周[SMD=-1.49， 95%CI（-2.04，-0.94），P<0.001]的效果更佳。IVR还可降低跌倒风险[MD=4.66，95%CI（3.84，5.48），P<0.001]；改善焦虑抑郁症状[SMD=2.65，95%CI（1.98，3.33），P<0.001]。结论 IVR可改善PVD患者的眩晕、焦虑抑郁症状，降低跌倒风险，其中干预周期≤7周，每周训练<5次，每次训练<30 min对于改善PVD患者眩晕症状更佳。

关键词: 外周性前庭功能障碍, 虚拟现实, 康复护理, 眩晕症状, 跌倒风险, Meta分析

Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate the rehabilitation effect of immersive virtual reality technology for patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction，and to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the design of efficient rehabilitation training programs. Methods PubMed，Embase，Cochrane Library，Web of Science，CINAHL，CNKI，Wanfang Database，VIP Database，and China Biomedical Literature Database were searched for randomized controlled trials on the intervention effect of immersive virtual reality technology in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction from inception to February 2025. RevMan5.4 software was used to perform meta-analysis of the literature that met the quality standards. Results A total of 10 papers with 491 patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction were included. Meta-analysis showed that immersive virtual reality technology improved vertigo symptoms in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction compared with conventional vestibular rehabilitation care[SMD=-1.41，95%CI（-1.58，-0.70），P<0.001]，and subgroup analysis showed that the frequency of intervention was <5 times/week[SMD=-1.31，95%CI=（-1.96，-0.66），P<0.001]，single intervention duration<30 min [SMD=-1.45，95%CI=（-2.21，-0.70），P<0.001]，and intervention period≤7 weeks[SMD=-1.49，95%CI（-2.04，-0.94），P<0.001] were more significant. Immersive virtual reality technology reduced the risk of falls[MD=4.66，95%CI（3.84， 5.48），P<0.001]，and improved anxiety and depression[SMD=2.65，95%CI（1.98，3.33），P<0.001]. Conclusion Immer-sive virtual reality technology improves vertigo symptoms，reduces the risk of falls，and improves anxiety and depres-sion symptoms in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction，in which the intervention period of ≤7 weeks，<5 training sessions per week，and each training session of <30 min are better for improving vertigo symptoms in patients with peripheral vestibular dysfunction.

Key words: Peripheral Vestibular Dysfunction, Virtual Reality, Rehabilitation Care, Vertigo Symptoms, Fall Risk, Meta-Analysis

刘晓熠, 王红, 周智聪, 孙旭, 王意茹, 仝紫薇, 刘晓莹. 沉浸式虚拟现实技术对外周性前庭功能障碍患者康复效果的Meta分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(9): 1140-1145.

LIU Xiaoyi, WANG Hong, ZHOU Zhicong, SUN Xu, WANG Yiru, TONG Ziwei, LIU Xiaoying. Rehabilitation effects based on immersive virtual reality as a treatment for peripheral vestibular dysfunction：a Meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(9): 1140-1145.

图/表 3

表1 纳入文献的基本特征（n=10）

Table 1 Basic characteristics of included studies（n=10）

图1 沉浸式虚拟现实技术对眩晕症状的影响

Figure 1 Effect of immersive virtual reality technology on vertigo symptoms

图2 沉浸式虚拟现实技术对动态步数指数的影响

Figure 2 The impact of immersive virtual reality technology on the dynamic step count index

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