700所医疗机构麻醉科专科护士工作及管理现状的调查研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.02.012

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (2): 237-243.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.02.012

• 人力资源管理与职业发展 • 上一篇下一篇

700所医疗机构麻醉科专科护士工作及管理现状的调查研究

兰星¹(), 刘婷²^,^*(), 李勍², 柯稳³, 李鑫¹, 张转运⁴, 翟洁⁵, 刘佳佳⁶

1.华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院麻醉科武汉市 430022
2.首都医科大学宣武医院麻醉手术科北京市 100053
3.华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院手术室武汉市 430022
4.南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院麻醉科南京市 210008
5.北京医院麻醉科北京市 100730
6.解放军总医院第一医学中心麻醉科北京市 100089

收稿日期:2025-05-06 出版日期:2026-01-20 发布日期:2026-01-14
*通讯作者: 刘婷，E-mail：tingting9718@sina.com
作者简介:兰星：女，本科，副主任护师，E-mail：982992805@qq.com
基金资助:
2023年湖北省自然科学基金面上项目(2023AFB952)

A survey study on the current status of work and management of anesthesia specialty nurses in 700 medical institutions

LAN Xing¹(), LIU Ting²^,^*(), LI Qing², KE Wen³, LI Xin¹, ZHANG Zhuanyun⁴, ZHAI Jie⁵, LIU Jiajia⁶

1. Department of Anesthesiology， Union Hospital Tongji Medical College，Huazhong University of Science and Technology， Wuhan 430022， China
2. Department of Anesthesiology and Surgery， Xuanwu Hospital，Capital Medical University， Beijing 100053， China
3. Operating Room， Union Hospital Tongji Medical College，Huazhong University of Science and Technology， Wuhan 430022， China
4. Department of Anesthesiology， Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital，the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School， Nanjing 210008， China
5. Anesthesiology Department of Beijing Hospital， Beijing 100730， China
6. Anesthesiology Department of the First Medical Center of the People’s Liberation Army General Hospital， Beijing 100089， China

Received:2025-05-06 Online:2026-01-20 Published:2026-01-14
* Corresponding author: LIU Ting，E-mail：tingting9718@sina.com
Funding program:
2023 Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation General Project(2023AFB952)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查麻醉科专科护士的工作及管理现状，为麻醉科专科护士的培养及使用提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法，于2025年3月选取国内31个省（区、市）700所医疗机构的麻醉科专科护士作为调查对象，使用自行设计的调查问卷进行问卷调查，并对结果进行描述性分析。结果共回收有效问卷1 002份，有效问卷回收率为96.62%。麻醉科专科护士的学历以本科（87.92%）为主、中级职称（71.16%）居多。38.42%的麻醉科专科护士表示，所在单位无麻醉科专科护士岗位职责；麻醉科专科护士主要承担麻醉护理教学或临床带教、危重症麻醉护理、护理管理和护理科研工作；56.59%麻醉科专科护士的整体职业满意度为非常满意或满意，认为影响其发挥临床作用的因素包括临床工作负荷重（68.26%）、岗位职责不明（43.41%）、支持政策不够（35.23%）、角色定位不清（31.04%）等；81.24%的麻醉科专科护士认为，需要进行再培训，培训内容以专科知识、临床实践技能、科研方法为主。结论麻醉科专科护士在麻醉护理中发挥了重要作用，但其岗位管理、培训及认证工作有待进一步完善，再培训方案有待进一步探究。

关键词: 麻醉护理, 专科护士, 横断面研究, 工作现状, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of work and management of anesthesia specialist nurses，in order to provide references for the training and use of anesthesia specialist nurses. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select anesthesia specialist nurses from 700 medical institutions in 31 provinces（autonomous regions，municipalities） in China as the survey subjects in March 2025. A self-designed questionnaire was used for the survey，and descriptive analysis was conducted on the results. Results A total of 1 002 valid questionnaires were collected，with a valid questionnaire collection rate of 96.62%. The education level of anesthesia specialist nurses is mainly undergraduate（87.92%），with intermediate professional titles（71.16%） being the majority. 38.42% of anesthesia specialist nurses stated that their unit does not have any job responsibilities for anesthesia specialist nurses；anesthesia specialist nurses mainly undertake anesthesia nursing teaching or clinical guidance，critical anesthesia nursing，nursing management，and nursing research work；56.59% of anesthesia specialist nurses have an overall job satisfaction rate of very satisfied or satisfied. They believe that the main factors affecting their clinical role include excessive clinical workload（68.26%），unclear job responsibilities（43.41%），insufficient support policies （35.23%），and unclear role positioning（31.04%）；81.24% of anesthesia specialist nurses believe that there is a need for specialized nurse retraining，with a focus on specialized knowledge，clinical practice skills，and research methods. Conclusion Anesthesia specialist nurses play an important role in anesthesia nursing. However，their job management，training，and certification work need to be further improved，and retraining programs need to be further explored.

Key words: Anesthesia Nursing, Specialist Nurses, Cross-Sectional Study, Working Status, Nursing Management Research

兰星, 刘婷, 李勍, 柯稳, 李鑫, 张转运, 翟洁, 刘佳佳. 700所医疗机构麻醉科专科护士工作及管理现状的调查研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(2): 237-243.

LAN Xing, LIU Ting, LI Qing, KE Wen, LI Xin, ZHANG Zhuanyun, ZHAI Jie, LIU Jiajia. A survey study on the current status of work and management of anesthesia specialty nurses in 700 medical institutions[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(2): 237-243.

图/表 3

表1 麻醉科专科护士的一般资料(n=1 002)

Table 1 The general information of anesthesia specialist nurses (n=1 002)

表2 麻醉科专科护士对自身培养及管理的看法（n=1 002）

Table 2 Anesthesia specialist nurses’ views on their own training and management（n=1 002）

表3 麻醉科专科护士的再培训意愿及需求（n=1 002）

Table 3 Willingness and needs for retraining of anesthesia specialist nurses（n=1 002）

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700所医疗机构麻醉科专科护士工作及管理现状的调查研究

A survey study on the current status of work and management of anesthesia specialty nurses in 700 medical institutions

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