Table of Content

20 May 2026, Volume 61 Issue 10

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Special Planning-Wound and Ostomy Care and Research

Construction and preliminary application of a proactive health behaviors intervention program in colorectal cancer patients undergoing ostomy surgery during the perioperative period

XU Caijie, PAN Aihong, XU Peili, LIU Hongyan, ZHANG Yun, WU Yu

2026, 61(10):  1301-1309.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.001

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Objective To develop a perioperative proactive health behavior intervention program for colorectal cancer patients undergoing ostomy surgery and verify its preliminary application effects.Methods The program was formulated through literature review，qualitative interviews，and Delphi expert consultations. The intervention program comprised 3 first-level，9 second-level，and 27 third-level indicators. Patients hospitalized for colorectal cancer undergoing ostomy surgery at a tertiary hospital in Anhui Province between January and November 2025 were recruited as study participants. Using the drawing lots method，patients were randomized by ward into groups：33 patients from Ward A were assigned to an experimental group，and 33 from Ward B to a control group. The control group received routine care，while the experimental group received the intervention program in addition to routine care. The application effects were then evaluated.Results A total of 32 cases in the experimental group and 31 cases in the control group completed the study. Preliminary application results showed a significant difference in ostomy complication rates between the 2 groups at 1 and 3 months post-intervention（P<0.05），and the incidence in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group. Repeated measures ANOVA showed that there was a time and group interaction effect on self-management ability，self-efficacy，health promoting behavior level，and quality of life between the 2 groups of patients（P<0.05）. Simple effects analysis showed that at 1 and 3 months after intervention，the experimental group had significantly higher scores in self-management ability，self-efficacy，health promoting behavior level，and quality of life than the control group（P<0.001）.Conclusion The implementation of this program can effectively enhance self-management ability，self-efficacy，and health-promoting behavior levels in colorectal cancer patients undergoing ostomy surgery，thereby improving their quality of life.

Current status and improvement strategies of “Internet+ Nursing Service” for wound patients

WANG Feixia, LI Weizhen, CHEN Haiyan

2026, 61(10):  1310-1317.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.002

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Objective This study analyzes the current application status of 2 service models online consultation and home-based nursing care for wound patients，aiming to provide a basis for formulating precise management strategies.Methods A retrospective study design was employed to collect wound care service data from the “Internet + Nursing Services” platform of a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang Province between January 1，2023 and December 31，2024. A total of 1 170 patients were included，generating 1，797 service episodes（1，008 online consultations cases involving 1，818 consultation entries，and 789 home-based care episodes）. Consultation content was categorized using content analysis. Inter-group comparisons were performed using the χ² test，t-test，and Mann-Whitney U test. Descriptive methods were used to analyze service characteristics and demand distributions.Results Patients in the online consultation group were younger and had a shorter median time since wound onset compared to the home-based care group（all P<0.01）. The distribution of wound types differed significantly between groups（P<0.001）. Online consultations were predominantly for iatrogenic wounds（96.27%）. With 78.66% of consultations occurring within 14 days post-injury，primarily focusing on symptom management，wound assessment，and technical guidance. The composition of consultation content varied significantly across wound types（P<0.001）. The problem resolution rate for online consultations was 78.16%，with significant differences across wound types and consultation themes（all P<0.001）. For home-based care，patients with high-frequency demands（≥3 service episodes） had significantly higher age，larger wound area，and a higher proportion of complex wound care procedures compared to those with low-frequency demands（all P<0.05）.Conclusion The online consultation and home-based care models for “Internet + wound care” are characterized by distinct features and complementary functions. It is recommended to develop an intelligent triage and referral pathway based on wound characteristics，formulate personalized health education strategies aligned with the dynamic evolution of patient needs，and establish a risk-stratified management mechanism for patients with high-frequency home-based care demands.

Development and validation of a deep sequential learning-based model for identifying venous crisis after skin flap transplantation

XU Laiyu, ZHOU Guoling, ZHANG Wenli, DAI Ruoran, TANG Juyu, PENG Lingli

2026, 61(10):  1318-1324.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.003

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Objective To construct a model for identifying venous crisis following skin flap transplantation and validate its efficacy，thereby providing objective evidence for the early and accurate recognition of venous crisis in skin flaps.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent flap transplantation at the microsurgery department of a tertiary-level hospital in Hunan Province from January 2022 to December 2024. Time-series images of the flaps during hospitalization were collected using Huawei M6 tablets to form the dataset. The Make Sense image processing software was employed to annotate regions of interest within the flaps and document their vascular status. Identification models for venous crisis after flap transplantation were established using recurrent neural networks，gated recurrent units，and long short-term memory networks，followed by internal validation. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy，precision，recall，F1 score，area under the receiver operating characteristic curve，Kolmogorov-Smirnov value for discrimination，calibration curve，and decision curve. The optimal model was selected.Results A total of 38，850 flap images from 661 patients were ultimately included. The accuracy rates of the recurrent neural network，gated recurrent unit，and long short-term memory network models were 0.948，0.949，and 0.984，respectively. Their precision rates were 0.603，0.449，and 0.776，while their recall rates were 0.711，0.700，and 0.922，respectively. Recall rates were 0.711，0.700，and 0.922，respectively. F1 scores were 0.607，0.529，and 0.811，respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.946，0.987，and 0.911，respectively，with discrimination rates of 0.885，0.963，and 0.965.Conclusion The flap venous crisis identification model constructed using flap time-series images and long short-term memory network method demonstrates excellent performance. It provides objective assessment criteria for nurses in monitoring flap perfusion，thereby facilitating early identification and intervention of venous crisis.

Dilemmas and strategies of medical journey in patients with diabetic foot surgery

LIU Jing, WENG Yajuan, WEI Min, SUN Zhen, LI Jian, LI Ruyue

2026, 61(10):  1325-1332.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.004

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Objective This study aims to explore the experience，pain points and nursing opportunity points of patients with diabetic foot surgery in different stages of disease development，aims to provide references for clinical nursing practice.Methods From January to February 2025，purpose sampling was used to select 12 patients with diabetic foot in the recovery period after surgery from 2 tertiary A hospitals in Nanjing，Jiangsu Province for semi-structured interviews. The obtained descriptive qualitative research data were first encoded and themes were extracted by directed content analysis，and then integrated and drawn under the framework of patient journey map.Results In this study，the journey timeline of patients with diabetic foot surgery was divided into 4 main stages（13 sub-stages）：prodromal stage，decision-making stage，treatment stage and recovery stage. It was found that patients had obvious emotional low points during the referral，decision-making communication and operation period. At the same time，the experience of the group was summarized and subdivided from the 3 dimensions of patient behavior（13 themes），emotion（9 themes） and pain points（9 themes）. Combined with medical treatment dynamics，patient tasks and relevant personnel data content，the journey map was drawn.Conclusion The medical journey of patients with diabetic foot surgery is characterized by dynamic emotions and differentiated pain points. Clinical medical staff should pay attention to the experience changes of patients at different stages and take dynamic and targeted nursing strategies.

Standards

Interpretation of the group standard for nursing care for adult urostomy care

SI Longmei, WENG Yajuan, CHEN Hui, YU Hongxing, ZHANG Siwei, ZHOU Yujie

2026, 61(10):  1333-1337.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.005

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Standardized operational procedures for urostomy care play a crucial role in enhancing the quality of specialized nursing，ensuring patient safety，and promoting recovery. Based on existing research evidence and clinical practice，this article systematically elucidates the core content of the group standard “Adult Urostomy Care” and proposes specific recommendations for clinical application accordingly. The aim is to provide professional guidance for registered nurses in healthcare institutions at all levels，helping them deepen their understanding of urostomy and master relevant nursing skills proficiently，thereby effectively maintaining the health of the patient’s stoma and surrounding skin，and ultimately improving patient prognosis and quality of life.

Expert consensus on targeted temperature management nursing care after cardiac arrest

Emergency Medicine Committee of Beijing Nursing Association（Writing Committee：ZHAO Lixin, WANG Lei, LI Chunyan, ZHANG Yining, SHAO Rui, WANG Xingsheng, LI Qianqian, LI Lingxuan, JIA Yanrui, ）

2026, 61(10):  1338-1346.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.006

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Objective To develop an expert consensus on critical nursing care for targeted temperature management（TTM） after cardiac arrest（hereinafter referred to as the “consensus”），aiming to standardize clinical nursing practices related to TTM after cardiac arrest and provide standardized guidance for high-quality TTM nursing.Methods The Consensus Development Group first systematically searched Chinese and English databases at home and abroad（retrieval period spanning from the establishment of each database to February 1，2025）. Evidence-based methodology was adopted to evaluate evidence levels and extract core contents. After the first draft of the consensus was developed through expert discussions，2 rounds of expert consultations were carried out using the Delphi method from February to August 2025. Recommended opinions were revised based on expert feedback，and recommendation grades were determined according to expert scores. Finally，the final draft of the “consensus” was formulated.Results A total of 48 experts in the medical and nursing fields participated in the 2 rounds of consultations，with an effective questionnaire recovery rate of 100% for both rounds. The expert judgment basis coefficient was 0.942；the familiarity coefficient was 0.872；the authority coefficient was 0.907；all values far exceed the general threshold for high authority，fully demonstrating that the participating experts have high professional authority and ensuring the reliability of the consultation results. In the 2 rounds of expert consultations，the Kendall’s harmony coefficients were 0.504 and 0.316 respectively，with both P values<0.001，indicating that the experts’ opinions on the consensus contents showed good coordination and the consistency of their judgments was statistically significant. Additionally，the coefficient of variation for each item was <0.25，which further proved that the degree of dispersion in experts’ opinions on individual items was low and the overall consistency was excellent. The final consensus covers 3 core modules：implementation of TTM，key nursing points for each phase of TTM，and nursing points.Conclusion By integrating existing evidence-based evidence，practical clinical needs，and the experience of experts in the medical and nursing fields，this “consensus” clarifies the key links and operational standards for TTM nursing after cardiac arrest，and provides evidence-based guidance for the clinical practice of high-quality TTM nursing in patients after cardiac arrest.

Expert consensus on perioperative nursing for hybrid operation of cerebrovascular disease

Chinese Neurosurgical Society（Writing Committee：ZHONG Liyun, LI Jinglian, ZHAO Donghong, CHEN Lu, YUAN Qiaoling, HU Xiulan, REN Yajuan, ）

2026, 61(10):  1347-1353.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.007

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Objective To develop an expert consensus on perioperative nursing for hybrid operation of cerebrovascular diseases（herein referred to as “consensus”） in order to promote the standardization of integrated nursing and improve patient clinical outcomes.Methods Systematic retrieval of related studies on perioperative nursing for hybrid operation of cerebrovascular diseases from guideline networks and databases was conducted，with a search period from the establishment of the database to May 2025. Evidence content was summarized through literature retrieval，quality evaluation，evidence extraction，and evidence synthesis to form the initial draft of the consensus. From August to November 2025，after 2 rounds of expert consultations，the consensus was revised and finalized.Results The positive coefficient of experts was 100%；the authority coefficient was 0.91. The Kendall’s W coefficients of the 2 rounds of expert opinions were 0.099 and 0.082（P<0.05）. The consensus includes 4 parts，namely preoperative assessment and preparation，intraoperative cooperation and monitoring，postoperative nursing management and complication prevention，and discharge health guidance and follow-up management.Conclusion The consensus was conducted in a scientific，standardized，and practical way，and can provide a reference for the standardization of perioperative nursing and management for hybrid operation of cerebrovascular diseases.

Specialist Nursing Practice and Research

Latent classes and influencing factors of medication deviation trajectories in elderly patients with coronary heart disease

HAI Hehuan, YANG Ping, ZHOU Mei, WANG Hairong, LI Fang

2026, 61(10):  1354-1361.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.008

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Objective To explore the latent classes of medication deviation trajectories and their influencing factors in elderly patients with coronary heart disease（CHD），and to provide a theoretical basis for targeted clinical interventions.Methods A total of 285 elderly patients with CHD，hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Guilin from March 2024 to March 2025，were selected using convenience sampling. A general information questionnaire，the Frailty Scale，and the Drug Literacy Questionnaire were used for the baseline survey. The Medication Deviation Assessment Tool was used to collect data at 4 time points：1 week（T1），1 month（T2），3 months（T3），and 6 months（T4） after discharge. Latent Class Growth Modeling（LCGM） was used to identify the latent classes of medication deviation trajectories，and multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to explore the influencing factors.Results A total of 253 patients were ultimately included. The incidence of medication deviation at the 4 time points was 37.5%，63.2%，70.7%，and 79.8%，respectively. Totally 3 distinct latent classes were identified：a rapid deterioration group（34.0%），a stable maintenance group（29.3%），and a persistent deviation group（36.8%）. Drug literacy，frailty，educational level，duration of illness，number of medications，and whether percutaneous coronary inter-vention（PCI） was received were influencing factors for the latent classes of medication deviation trajectories（P<0.05）.Conclusion Medication deviation in elderly patients with CHD shows a general upward trend with heterogeneous developmental trajectories among subgroups. Healthcare professionals can carry out targeted interventions based on the influencing factors of these trajectories.

Construction and application of an intervention program for bone metabolism abnormalities in lung transplant recipients

WANG Yandie, ZENG Fei, LIANG Jiangshuyuan, GU Peipei, XIE Mengshan, HAO Fangfang

2026, 61(10):  1362-1370.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.009

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Objective To develop and preliminarily evaluate an intervention program for bone metabolism abnormalities in lung transplant recipients based on the Health Action Process Approach（HAPA），with the aim of improving patients’ bone health and providing a reference for clinical nursing practice.Methods Guided by the HAPA theory and informed by literature review and expert panel discussions，an intervention program was constructed for lung transplant recipients with bone metabolism disorders. Convenience sampling was adopted to select patients awaiting lung transplantation at a tertiary general hospital in Zhejiang Province. Patients recruited between July and November 2024 were assigned to an intervention group（41 cases），while those recruited between October 2023 and February 2024 served as a control group（38 cases）. The intervention group received the bone metabolism disorder intervention program in addition to standard rehabilitation care，whereas the control group received standard rehabilitation care only. The intervention period lasted from preoperative assessment through 6 months postoperatively. Changes in pulmonary function parameters，6-minute walk distance，and bone mineral density were compared between the 2 groups before intervention，and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. The incidence of adverse events was also compared.Results In the intervention group，5 patients dropped out，resulting in 36 patients included in the final analysis，while 4 patients dropped out in the control group，leaving 34 patients for analysis. At 3 and 6 months postoperatively，the intervention group demonstrated significantly better pulmonary function parameters and 6-minute walk distances compared to the control group（P<0.05）. At 6 months postoperatively，the bone mineral density of the left hip in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. No adverse events occurred in either group during the intervention period.Conclusion The HAPA-based intervention program for bone metabolism disorders in lung transplant recipients significantly improves pulmonary function and exercise capacity，and confers certain advantages in enhancing bone health.

Dynamic evolution of symptom networks in head and neck cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy and nursing implications

YANG Wenwen, WANG Jiayu, LI Sufang, DU Yifei, ZHAO Rui, CHEN Mengran, LI Yuanyuan, XU Xiaoxia

2026, 61(10):  1371-1378.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.010

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Objective To explore the temporal evolution of symptom networks in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy，and to inform precise symptom management strategies.Methods A prospective longitudinal study design was adopted. A convenience sample of 330 patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy was recruited from the head and neck surgery department of a tertiary oncology hospital in Henan Province between January 2024 and August 2025. The M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Head and Neck Module was used to assess symptoms at 3 time points：before chemoradiotherapy（T0），at week 3 of chemoradio-therapy（T1），and at treatment completion（T2）. Dynamic symptom network analysis was performed using R 4.5.2 software，and network stability was evaluated.Results A total of 275 patients completed all assessments and were included in the final analysis. Dry mouth had the highest incidence at T1（82.9%），and oral/throat sores had the highest incidence at T2（90.2%）. Dynamic network analysis revealed that during the T0-to-T1 phase，oral/throat sores had the most outgoing predictive edges and dry mouth had the highest out-expected influence（EI=2.365）. During the T1-to-T2 phase，difficulty swallowing/chewing emerged as the symptom with the most outgoing predictive edges and the highest out-expected influence（EI=3.506）. Lack of appetite and difficulty swallowing/chewing had the highest bridge expected influence，and the overall network connectivity strength increased. Network stability tests yielded satisfactory to acceptable results.Conclusion The symptom network in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy exhibits temporal dynamics. These findings suggest that nurses should implement phase-specific proactive symptom monitoring and preventive targeted interventions to interrupt cross-cluster symptom propagation，thereby mitigating functional decline，and optimizing overall quality of life.

A qualitative study on the influencing factors of home fluid management in patients with chronic heart failure from the perspective of caregivers

LU Huanhuan, GU Zejuan, YANG Jing, XU Sumeng, WANG Weiyun, ZHANG Xinyue, XU Dongmei

2026, 61(10):  1379-1385.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.011

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Objective To explore the decision（facilitation/barrier） factors of fluid intake management in patients with chronic heart failure（CHF） at home from the perspective of family caregivers and nurses，and to provide the basis for formulating strategies of fluid intake management at home.Methods From December 2024 to March 2025，13 family caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure and 11 nurses of cardiovascular department in a tertiary A general hospital in Jiangsu Province were selected by maximum difference sampling method to conduct semi-structured interviews，and the data were analyzed by content analysis.Results A total of 8 facilitation factors were extracted（with a certain evidence base，good relative advantages of innovation，external support for hospital management，good knowledge acquisition environment，strong operational compatibility，perceived benefits of home liquid management，strong demand for disease rehabilitation，and support of team cooperation force） and 6 barrier factors（complex home implementation steps，limited home availability，insufficient interaction between guidance and practice，inadequate knowledge and skills of home fluid management，poor response to care resistance behavior，and weak long-term implementation supervision）.Conclusion Extending fluid intake management from hospital to home provides a feasible new strategy for heart failure patients and their caregivers. By transforming hospital measures into home operational implementation strategies，and using the interactive guidance of “learning-practice-feedback”and the dynamic monitoring of mobile medical platform，the home implementation of patients can be effectively promoted，thereby improving the prognosis of patients.

Design and application of a board game for pain management in school-aged children after tonsillectomy

ZHANG Aihua, ZHUANG Jiayuan, WANG Yan, CHEN Xiaohua

2026, 61(10):  1386-1394.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.012

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Objective To design and develop a board game for pain management in school-aged children after tonsillectomy，and to explore its effects on improving postoperative pain，reducing medical fear，decreasing behavioral issues，and enhancing family readiness for hospital discharge，thereby providing a basis for exploring new models of postoperative pain management in children.Methods Guided by activity theory，the content of the board game was developed through literature analysis and expert consultation，and the game was designed according to the cognitive characteristics of school-aged children. Using convenience sampling，80 children aged 6 to 12 years who underwent tonsillectomy in the otorhinolaryngology department of a tertiary A general hospital in Fujian Province from January 2024 to January 2025 were selected as participants. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table，with 40 children in each group. The experimental group received the board game intervention in addition to routine pain education，while the control group received only routine pain education. Postoperative pain，medical fear，incidence of behavioral changes，and parental readiness for hospital discharge were compared between the 2 groups.Results All 80 children completed the study. After the intervention，the experimental group had lower pain scores at 24 h and 48 h postoperatively compared to the control group（F_time=565.842，F_group=38.820，F_interaction=18.179，P<0.001）. The medical fear score at 1 d postoperatively was lower in the experimental group than it in the control group（t=0.851，P<0.001）. The incidence of behavioral changes on the second postoperative day was lower in the experimental group than it in the control group（χ²=5.000，P=0.025）. The parental readiness for hospital discharge score was higher in the experimental group than it in the control group（t=3.376，P<0.001）.Conclusion The pain management board game significantly improved pain experience and behavioral outcomes in children after tonsillectomy and enhanced family care capacity. This approach provides a practical pathway for establishing a new non-pharmacological pain management model centered on family involvement，demonstrating positive clinical significance for improving the quality of postoperative recovery in pediatric care.

A qualitative study on the participation of parents of children undergoing penile repair surgery in pain management predicaments and coping experiences

ZHENG Zhihui, MEI Lingli, ZOU Yao, ZHU Hongmei, ZHU Jihua

2026, 61(10):  1395-1401.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.013

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Objective To understand the predicament and coping experience of parents of children undergoing penile repair surgery in pain management，and to provide a reference basis for formulating effective perioperative pain management plans.Methods By the purposive sampling method，from January to March 2025，16 parents of children who underwent the penile repair surgery and were hospitalized in a tertiary A hospital in Zhejiang Province were selected as research subjects. Each parent underwent 3 semi-structured interviews on 3 days after the operation，on the day of discharge，and 2 weeks after discharge respectively. The interview data were extracted and encoded，clustered and screened，and interpreted and verified by the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results A total of 5 themes and 12 sub-themes were extracted，including communication and emotional dilemmas arising from the particularity of genital surgery，cognitive conflicts and role confusion regarding participation in pain management，responsibility overload and support gap during the transition from hospital to home，seeking growth and positive coping amidst caregiving difficulties，and the expectation to establish an in-depth pain management partnership with healthcare professionals.Conclusion Medical staff should understand the knowledge and emotional needs of parents of children undergoing penile repair surgery regarding pain management，pay attention to privacy-sensitive communication challenges in pain-related discussions，establish a collaborative decision-making management model，strengthen the support system during the transition period，identify and empower positive coping resources，and implement a family-centered pain management model to comprehensively enhance the quality of pain management.

Rare Disease and Critical Care

Perioperative nursing care for 57 infants undergoing ABO-incompatible living donor liver transplantation

WANG Fang, LU Fangyan, WANG Yan, JIANG Shuying, TANG Saxiao

2026, 61(10):  1402-1406.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.014

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This article summarizes the perioperative nursing experience of 57 infants undergoing ABO-incompatible living donor liver transplantation. The key points of nursing include：preoperative induction of desensitization to reduce blood group antibody titer and implement predictive nursing；early nutritional assessment and individualized nutritional care；precise administration of immunosuppressants after surgery to prevent rejection and infection；sequential anticoagulant therapy to balance the risks of embolism and bleeding；empowering parents of the children and implementing a three-level linkage of family-hospital-society care；promoting the recovery of the children and implementing phased continuous care. Through careful treatment and nursing care，all children successfully completed the surgery. A child died of hemorrhagic shock postoperatively，while the remaining 56 children recovered and were discharged. Follow-up visits ranging from 4 months to 2 years showed good recovery.

Nursing care of a patient with cardiac allograft vasculopathy complicated by left ventricular thrombus and ventricular fibrillation

TAN Linfang, HUANG Dandan, LI Mei

2026, 61(10):  1407-1411.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.015

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To summarize the nursing care experience of a patient with cardiac allograft vasculopathy complicated by left ventricular thrombus and ventricular fibrillation. The key points of nursing included：implementing precise fluid management guided by central venous pressure monitoring combined with point-of-care ultrasound；conducting individualized risk assessment to enhance prevention of thromboembolic and bleeding events；optimizing emergency procedures to ensure early and effective defibrillation；applying continuous glucose monitoring for accurate glycemic control；providing stepped psychological support to enhance family coping capacity；implementing integrated hospital-home care to enhance long-term patient survival.Through multidisciplinary collaboration and comprehensive，refined nursing care，the patient was discharged in stable condition after 20 days of hospitalization and demonstrated favorable recovery at the 3-month follow-up.

Evidence Synthesis Research

A systematic review of assessment tools for social inclusion of children with autism spectrum disorder and their parents and its nursing implications

PENG Xinyi, HONG Lu, LI Jiaying, FENG Wanli, CHEN Xinyi, JI Binbin

2026, 61(10):  1412-1419.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.016

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Objective To systematically evaluate the assessment tools for social inclusion assessment tools of children with autism spectrum disorder（ASD） and their parents，providing references for selecting high-quality assessment tools in clinical practice and research.Methods A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed，EMBASE，PsycINFO，PsycArticles Full Text，Global Health，Web of Science，Scopus，CINAHL，Academic Search Premier，CNKI，Wanfang，and VIP databases from inception to September 2025 to identify assessment tools for social inclusion of children with ASD and their parents. 2 reviewers independently screened the literature and extracted data. The included tools were then evaluated using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments （COSMIN） guidelines，and recommendations were formulated.Results A total of 13 studies were included，covering 11 assessment tools for children with ASD and 2 tools for their parents. Among these，3 tools were rated Grade A，2 were rated Grade C，and the remaining were rated Grade B.Conclusion The Chinese version of KidsLife-ASD Social Inclusion Subscale，the Learning，Social and Emotion Adaptation Questionnaire-Short Form，and the Chinese version of the Social Inclusion Scale are recommended for use，although further validation of their psychometric properties is still needed.

Meta-synthesis and implications of donation motivation and psychological experience of unrelated donors in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

WEI Jiayi, ZHU Hongzhe, ZHOU Xiaojun, GAO Lifen, HAO Jia, YIN Lili, JI Xiaoxiao, HE Min, YU Xinyan

2026, 61(10):  1420-1426.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.017

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Objective To integrate the findings of qualitative studies on the donation motivation and experience of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors，so as to provide references for medical staff to provide professional support for them.Methods Qualitative studies on donation motivation，physical and psychological experience，and support needs of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors were retrieved from PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，Cochrane Library，Scopus，ProQuest，CINAHL，CNKI，VIP，and Wanfang databases from inception to August 2025. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI） Critical Appraisal Tools for qualitative research，and the findings were synthesized using a meta-aggregative approach.Results A total of 8 studies were included，from which 45 findings were extracted，8 new categories were generated，and 3 integrated results were formed. 1. The donation motivation of unrelated donors was complex and diverse，including internal driving factors and external driving forces. 2. Unrelated donors faced multiple challenges during donation，including insufficient donation-related knowledge，conflicting opinions from family members，and inadequate social support. 3. Unrelated donors had multi-dimensional emotional experiences after donation，including concerns about their own physical and mental health，worries about the transplant outcomes of recipients，and hesitation about social publicity and exposure.Conclusion The donation motivation and experience of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors are complex. It is recommended that medical staff dynamically assess their donation motivation and physical and mental status，strengthen health education，and provide psychological support to improve their donation experience.

Review

Wearable motion sensing devices for exercise rehabilitation in frail older adults：a scoping review

DAI Yonghang, QIU Xiaoqin, CHEN Sifan, DENG Zhongyan, LIU Na, QIU Xinyu, XIE Rongman

2026, 61(10):  1427-1434.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.018

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Objective To conduct a scoping review on the application of wearable motion sensing devices in exercise rehabilitation for frail older adults，and to provide a reference for subsequent related research.Methods Following the JBI scoping review methodology，a systematic search was conducted in PubMed，Embase，CINAHL，Cochrane Library，Web of Science，Scopus，IEEE Xplore，China Biomedical Literature Database，CNKI，Wanfang Data-base and VIP Database for studies on the use of wearable motion sensing devices in exercise rehabilitation for frail older adults. The search covered the period from database inception to September 10，2025. The included studies were analyzed and summarized.Results A total of 18 studies were included. Wearable motion-sensing devices were categorized as inertial measurement unit-based devices，sensory stimulation/feedback devices，and robotic devices. These devices were applied across 4 stages：assessment，training，long-term follow-up，and safety support. Outcome measures covered balance，muscle strength，gait and mobility，overall physical activity，physiological and metabolic outcomes，cognitive and neurophysiological effects，and feasibility.Conclusion Wearable motion-sensing devices have diverse applications in exercise rehabilitation for frail older adults and can support multiple stages of application. Future efforts should optimize data integration/interoperability，standardize objective outcome measures，and improve user-friendliness to facilitate broader adoption in clinical，community，and home-based settings.

Applications of artificial intelligence in clinical nursing decision support systems：research progress and implications

DUAN Difei, HE Lingxiao, ZHU Hong, JIANG Yan

2026, 61(10):  1435-1440.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.10.019

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By leveraging technologies such as machine learning and natural language processing，the deep integration of artificial intelligence（AI） with clinical nursing decision support systems can assist nurses in assessment，diagnosis，planning，implementation，and evaluation，thereby enabling more accurate prediction of nursing risks，optimization of care plans，improvement in the quality and efficiency of nursing care，and the delivery of individualized，precision care. This article systematically summarizes recent advances in the application of AI to clinical nursing decision support across different settings，and discusses the associated challenges and future directions from the data integration，and development and maintenance，with the aim of providing a reference for the subsequent development and optimization of clinical nursing decision support systems.