Table of Content

20 July 2022, Volume 57 Issue 14

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Research Paper

Application and effect evaluation of a hospital-community breastfeeding chain management model

ZHONG Na, HU Qiongyan, LIANG Xuxia, HU Qiuwen, ZHOU Zhiqing, WANG Xiangyang, WEI Xiuzhen, LAI Xiaoli

2022, 57(14):  1669-1675.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.001

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Objective To establish a hospital-community breastfeeding chain management model and explore its application effect. Methods 282 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy were selected from September 2019 to January 2020 in 4 tertiary hospitals in Nanning. 140 pregnant women who were willing to participate in the hospital-community chain management model of breast-feeding were included in the trial group,and the breast-feeding advisory service team carried out online and offline combined continuous intervention until the infant was 6 months old or above. 142 pregnant women who voluntarily chose the routine breast-feeding support care were included in the control group. The control group received the routine breastfeeding support nursing. In August 2020,the 2 groups were measured using the exclusive breastfeeding knowledge questionnaire,the simple breastfeeding self-efficacy scale,the rate of continuous breastfeeding. The influence on the surrounding friends,and the evaluation of the mothers in the experimental group on the project were measured. Results After the intervention,the score of the Chinese version of the brief scale of breastfeeding self-efficacy was[51.0（35.0,62.0）] in the experimental group,and it was[49.0（34.0,60.0）] in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（Z=2.902,P=0.004）. The awareness rate of most exclusive breast-feeding knowledge in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. 69.3% of parturients in the experimental group shared the project with their friends,and 34.6% of parturients’ friends signed the project with consultants,which were higher than those in the control group（P<0.001）. The experimental group had a good overall evaluation of the project. Conclusion The hospital-community chain management model of breast-feeding during pregnancy and perinatal period can effectively improve the self-efficacy of breast-feeding,the rate of breast-feeding and the social benefits of breast-feeding,and promote maternal and infant health.

Special Planning—Palliative Care

Research on the construction and preliminary application of three-level linkage palliative care service model for patients with advanced tumor

ZHANG Xiuhua, ZHANG Cuihong, LI Yiwei, ZHOU Yinan, WANG Yan, WANG Juan

2022, 57(14):  1676-1682.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.002

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Objective To establish a hospital-community-home three-level linkage palliative care service model （hereinafter referred to as palliative care service model） for patients with advanced tumor,and to promote the development of regional palliative care. Methods On the basis of the literature research and expert group meeting,the initial draft of the palliative care service model was constructed. 20 palliative care experts were invited to conduct 2 rounds of correspondence to revise the items. The constructed palliative care service model was preliminary applied in 10 cases of tumor patients. Results The effective recovery rates of 2 rounds of question-naires are 100%. The second round of expert judgment coefficients was 0.84;the degree of familiarity of the experts was 0.91;the degree of authority was 0.93;the Kendall harmonic coefficient was 0.086~ 0.193. The finally formed palliative care service model includes 7 first-level indicators（model purpose,implementation agency,organiza-tional structure and time limitation,job responsibilities and requirements,implementation methods,core service content,evaluation and continuous improvement）,24 second-level indicators,30 third-level indicators and 19 fourth-level indicators. Conclusion The palliative care service model constructed in this study is comprehensive and scien-tific,and it can provide references for the whole-process care model of patients with advanced tumors in the region.

Analysis on status and influencing factors of palliative care decisions conflict among substitutive decision-makers of advanced cancer patients

ZHAO Lihua, QU Huan, LI Jiaojiao, HUANG Tingting, JIANG Guichun

2022, 57(14):  1683-1689.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.003

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Objective To investigate the status of palliative care decision conflict among substitutive decision makers of advanced cancer patients,and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Substitutive decision makers were selected by convenience sampling method from 235 patients with advanced cancer who were admitted to a tertiary A hospital. The general information questionnaire,decisional conflict scale,hospice care cognition questionnaire,and general self-efficacy scale were used for investigation. Results The decision-making conflict score of the substitutive decision makers was（40.19±9.15）,and 91.9% of the substitutive decision makers had decision-making conflicts when choosing palliative care,among which 58.7% reached the high level. The level of decision conflict was negatively correlated with the cognition of hospice care and general self-efficacy（r=-0.505,-0.550,P<0.05）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the age,occupation,experience of caring for terminally ill patients,disease understanding,hospice care cognition,and general self-efficacy of the substitutive decision makers were the influencing factors of their decision conflicts. Conclusion The decision-making conflicts of palliative care among substitutive decision makers of cancer patients are at a middle and high level,and there are such situations as decision-making delay and decision-making regret. The level of decision-making conflict was higher among the substitutive decision-makers who were aged,without stable work,without related background of medical knowledge,with hospice care experience,and knew little about the disease. Improving the awareness of hospice care and general self-efficacy can be conducive to reduce the decision-making conflict level of substitutive decision makers.

Summary of best evidence for the management of dyspnea in patients with terminal cancer

TANG Rubing, LI Fanrong, WEI Jueling, LIN Jing, WEI Shuangshuang, YANG Lijie, YOU Xuemei

2022, 57(14):  1690-1695.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.004

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Objective To retrieve and summarize the best evidence for the management of dyspnea in patients with terminal cancer. Methods We searched the evidence about the management of dyspnea in patients with terminal cancer in UpToDate,BMJ Best Clinical Practice,JBI Evidence-Based Practice Database,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,CNKI and other databases,including guidelines,evidence summaries,clinical decision-makings,recommended practices,systematic reviews,expert consensuses and meta-analysis. The retrieval time limit is from the establishment of the database to September 30,2021. Literature quality assessment and data extraction were performed by 2 researchers. Results A total of 9 papers were included,involving 4 guidelines,2 clinical decisions,1 recommended practice,1 evidence summary,and 1 systematic review. 20 pieces of evidence were categorized into 6 aspects,including symptom screening and assessment,referral,communication and shared decision-making,nonpharmacologic intervention,pharmacologic intervention and comprehensive intervention. Conclusion The evidence summary on the management of dyspnea in terminal cancer patients can provide evidence-based evidence for clinical healthcare professionals to manage the dyspnea symptoms and improve end-of-life quality of patients with terminal cancer.

Revision of the Chinese version of the Problems and Needs in Palliative Care Questionnaire and its reliability and validity test in home-based cancer patients

LIU Xiaocheng, XIN Mingzhu, GONG Xiaoling, PAN Shan, PENG Rujun, XIE Rongzhi, YING Wenjuan

2022, 57(14):  1696-1701.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.005

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Objective To revise the Chinese version of the Problems and Needs in Palliative Care Questionnaire and to test its reliability and validity. Methods The questionnaire items were supplemented based on the previous interview results of 15 patients with advanced cancer,and the questionnaire was revised by 7 experts. A total of 584 outpatients were recruited by convenience sampling from 6 tertiary A hospitals and 1 secondary A hospital in Guangdong Province between May 2020 and November 2021. Results The revised questionnaire contained 2 parts with 36 items. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 7 common factors. The cumulative variance contribution rates of the “problem aspect” was 61.54%. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the “problem aspect” was 0.884;the Cronbach’s α coefficient for each domain ranged from 0.668 to 0.893;the test-retest reliability was 0.856;the SCVI value of the questionnaire was 0.908;the average SCVI ranged from 0.832 to 1.000. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the “Need for care aspect” was 60.25%. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the “Problem aspect” was 0.873;the Cronbach’s α coefficient for each domain ranged from 0.673 to 0.894;the test-retest reliability was 0.879;the SCVI value of the questionnaire was 0.916;the average SCVI ranged from 0.837 to 1.000. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 7 common factors had good fitting degree. Conclusion The revised Chinese version of the Problems and Needs in Palliative Care Questionnaire has good reliability and validity. It can be used as a valuable tool to evaluate the palliative home care needs of cancer patients.

Specialist Practice and Research

Construction and preliminary application of early progressive exercise program for critically ill children

QI Shaodan, GU Ying, HU Jing, SHEN Weijie, LU Guoping, WANG Sujuan, ZHOU Hao

2022, 57(14):  1702-1708.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.006

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Objective To construct an early progressive exercise program for critically ill children,and to verify its effect. Methods Combining the theoretical framework derived from post-intensive care syndrome in pediatrics（PICS-p） and literature review,under 2 rounds of expert consultations from January to February 2021,an early progressive exercise program was established for critically ill children. To evaluate the safety and intervention effects of the program,the preliminary application was carried out in 5 critically ill children admitted to a tertiary children’s hospital in Shanghai in March 2021. Results The active and authority coefficient were 100% and 0.82;the importance and feasibility score of each item were all >3.5;the variation coefficients were <0.25;the Kendal harmony coefficients were between 0.312 and 0.330（P<0.001）. The final draft of the early progressive exercise program for critically ill children included 3 first-level items,10 second-level items,and 28 third-level items. The preliminary application results showed that no adverse events occurred during the implementation of the program,and the difference of biceps brachii cross-sectional area in the experimental group was smaller than that in the control group （P=0.047）. Conclusion The early progressive exercise program for critically ill children is scientific,reliable,safe,and feasible,but its clinical effect needs to be further verified by a larger sample size.

Development of an item pool for nursing assessment in epilepsy

YU Qun, LIN Zhazha, WANG Shuang, MING Wenjie, WU Fang

2022, 57(14):  1709-1716.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.007

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Objective The aim of this study was to develop an item pool for nursing assessment in epilepsy,and to provide bases for making effective nursing strategies,and to provide diagnostic bases for clinical epilepsy specialists and electroencephalogists. Methods Initial indexes were generated through the literature review and group discussion,and 2 rounds of expert consultations were conducted to establish the item pool for nursing assessment in epilepsy. Results A total of 30 experts were included in the study. The response rates of 2 rounds were both 100%,and the authority coefficients of the experts were 0.90 and 0.93. The Kendall’s coefficients of concordance for the 2 rounds of consultations were 0.282~0.662 and 0.211~0.272. Finally,the item pool for nursing assessment in epilepsy was formed,consisting of 10 first-level indexes,33 second-level indexes and 28 third-level indexes. Conclusion The item pool for nursing assessment in epilepsy is scientific and reliable,which can provide theoretical references for the clinical nurses to conduct accurate nursing assessments and to develop effective nursing strategies. It can also provide reliable diagnostic bases for clinical epilepsy specialists and electroencephalogists.

Latent class analysis of psychological behavior adaption among children with chronic diseases

JIANG Sisi, REN Liya, WANG Yuxin, CHEN Meijia, DONG Chaoqun

2022, 57(14):  1717-1723.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.008

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Objective To explore the latent classes of the psychological behavior adaptation in children with chronic diseases,and to analyze the differences in demography and family resilience among different classes. Methods Through convenience sampling,307 parents of children with chronic diseases from outpatient clinics and wards were recruited from 4 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai Municipality and Zhejiang Province from June to September in 2019. Basic Information Questionnaire,Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire（parent version）,and Family Resilience Assessment Scale were used for investigation. Latent class analysis（LCA） was used to explore the latent classes of the psychological behavior adaption in the children. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were used to identify the predictors of the latent classes. Results The psychological behavior adaptation in children with chronic diseases could be divided into 3 latent classes,including“group with healthy psychological behavior”（48.9%）,“hyperactivity and low prosocial behavior group”（48.2%）,and “group with high psychological behavior problem”（2.9%）. Logistic regression analysis was carried out when the latter 2 groups were combined to be marked as the group with psychological behavior problem. The results showed that age,disease type,and family resilience were predictors of chronically ill children’s latent classes of psychological behavioral adaptation. Conclusion The psychological behavior adaptation of children with chronic diseases are heterogeneous and can be divides into 3 latent classes. The children at younger age,with neurological diseases and lower family resilience had a higher risk of psychological behavior problems.

The effects of pregnant fatigue on fetal physical development

WU Fan, LIU Huahua, WANG Mingbo, WANG Xin, YU Jiayi, ZHANG Feng

2022, 57(14):  1724-1729.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.009

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Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of pregnant fatigue on fetal physical development,in order to improve fetal birth outcomes. Methods A prospective cohort study using convenient sampling was conducted on mothers and infants who received prenatal care in a tertiary hospital in Nantong from November 2020 to April 2021. Women were divided into a fatigue group and a non-fatigue group according to the score of Fatigue Scale-14. The main outcomes were fetal biparietal diameter,abdominal circumference and femur length at pregnant metaphase,later stages of pregnancy and prenatal weeks of gestation,and newborns birth weight and length. Results A total of 262 pairs of mothers and infants were included in the study,including 140 pregnant women in the pregnancy non-fatigue group and 122 in the pregnancy fatigue group. The fatigue score was 1.5（0,3.0） in the non-fatigue group and 5.0（6.0,8.0） in the fatigue group,and the difference was statistically significant（Z=-14.410,P<0.001）. The fatigue score was 2.0（1.0,5.0） in the non-fatigue group and 7.0（5.0,9.0） in the fatigue group. The difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant（Z=-9.775,P<0.001）. Prenatal fatigue affected fetal abdominal circumference（P=0.009）,fetal femur length（P=0.011）,birth weight（P=0.048）,birth length（P=0.017）. Conclusion Pregnant fatigue was one of the risk factors of fetal physical development. Nursing staffs should pay more attention to pregnant fatigue and fetal physical development of pregnant fatigue women,to improve the health of newborns.

Development and reliability and validity tests of Caring Ability Assessment Scale of Caregivers of Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

SHENG Kaidi, YU Guiling, LI Zhihui, KONG Yan, SHI Jinming

2022, 57(14):  1730-1736.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.010

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Objective To develop the scale of Caring Ability Assessment of Caregivers of Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus,and to test its reliability and validity. Methods This study employed the caregiver skill model as its theoretical basis,using literature review,semi-structured interview,expert consultation and pilot survey to form the initial scale. Using convenience sampling method,276 caregivers in Qingdao from April to May 2021 were selected and investigated. The data was analyzed to determine the reliability and validity of the scale. 403 caregivers from June to August 2021 were selected for confirmatory factor analysis to further test the factor structure of the scale. Results The final version of the scale consisted of 5 dimensions,namely knowledge and attitude,care skill,personal qualities,management of self-emotion,family and social resource management,with 36 items in total. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 5 common factors,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 72.112%. The scale-level content validity index of the total scale was 0.97,and the item-level content validity index were from 0.85 to 1.00. The scale’s Cronbach’s α coefficient and 2-week test-retest reliability were 0.949 and 0.929 respectively. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fits well,indicating that the factor structure of the scale was stable. Conclusion The Caring Ability Assessment Scale of Caregivers for Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in this study has good reliability and validity which can be used as a tool to assess the caring ability of caregivers of children with type 1 diabetes,and help to find problems in the care process as early as possible.

Reliability and validity test of a Post Competency Assessment Scale for nurses in central sterile service departments

KANG Jie, ZHANG Qing, YANG Hong, DU Heying, WU Keping, QIAO Anyu, XU Mingze

2022, 57(14):  1737-1743.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.011

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Objective To test the reliability and validity of Post Competency Assessment Scale for nurses in central sterile service departments（CSSD）. Methods According to the Iceberg Competency Model,an evaluation index framework for the competency of nurses including 4 first-level indexes and 58 second-level indexes was formed through Delphi consultation in previous research. The members of the research group further transformed the indexes to a 60-item post competency assessment scale for nurses in CSSD. 6 experts assessed the content validity of the scale;from May to June 2021,34 nurses in CSSD from 3 hospitals in Beijing were selected for preliminary survey;from September to October 2021,630 nurses from 2 provinces were selected for formal investigation,so as to test the reliability and validity of scale. Results The scale contained 4 factors,including theoretical knowledge,operational skills,comprehensive ability and personal characteristics,with a total of 60 items. The content validity of the total scale was 0.970,and the scale-level content validity index/average were 0.830~1.000;4 factors were identified by exploratory factor analysis,accounting for 71.51% of the total variance. The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.989. The overall split‐half reliability was 0.951. The test-retest reliability was 0.840. Conclusion The Post Competency Assessment Scale for nurses in CSSD has good reliability and validity. It can be used as a tool to assess the post competency for nurses in CSSD,and a reference for hospitals to make training plans and annual assessment.

Clinical Practice

Nursing care of a patient with immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated fulminant myocarditis

QIU Xiaoying, SHI Zeya, ZHANG Yan, LI Lihua, WU Juan

2022, 57(14):  1744-1748.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.012

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Myocarditis is a highly lethal immune adverse reaction associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors （ICIs）,and its diagnosis,treatment and nursing are complicated. This paper summarizes the nursing care of a patient with low-differentiated lung adenocarcinoma complicated with fulminant myocarditis who was treated with ICIs. The key points of nursing care include：monitoring and pre-evaluation of the condition,nursing care supported by ECMO,reducing the risk of infection aggravation,prevention and nursing care of complications,rehabilitation guidance and disease education. After 25 days of active treatment and careful nursing care,the patient’s condition improved and he was discharged smoothly. Telephone follow-up for 6 months showed good condition.

Evidence Synthesis Research

Best evidence summary of preoperative fasting management in patients undergoing elective general anesthesia

ZHUANG Shanshan, ZHANG Zhuanyun, FU Shuang, WANG Jiang

2022, 57(14):  1749-1755.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.013

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Objective To search,evaluate and integrate the best evidence for preoperative fasting management in patients undergoing elective general anesthesia. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, BMJ Best Practice,Geenmedical, NGC, GIN, CMA Infobase, NICE, UpToDate, CBMdisc, CKNI,Wanfang,Clinical guidelines,ASA,Chinese Society of Anesthesiology,European Society of Anesthesiology,and ERAS were searched for evidence of preoperative fasting from database establishment to June 2021. The quality of the included articles was evaluated by 2 investigators,and the evidence was extracted and integrated. Results A total of 20 articles were included in this study,including 10 guidelines,1 evidence summary,4 systematic reviews,1 cross-sectional study,2 expert consensuses and 2 randomized controlled trials,which summarized 17 pieces of evidence involving 4 categories,namely gastric emptying mechanism,risk assessment,fasting protocol,education and training. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence of preoperative fasting management in patients undergoing elective general anesthesia,and suggests that medical staff should carry out preoperative comprehensive evaluation under the premise of understanding the mechanism of gastric emptying,and develop preoperative fasting protocols in multidisciplinary collaboration to improve the quality of medical care.

Evidence summary of low-carbohydrate diets for type 2 diabetes mellitus management

ZENG Bentuo, DU Jiwei

2022, 57(14):  1756-1764.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.014

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Objective To identify,evaluate and summarize the best evidence of a low-carbohydrate diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus management and remission,and to provide evidence for clinical nursing practice and self-management of patients of type 2 diabetes. Methods Literature published between January 2016 and July 2021 from electronic databases （Guidelines International Network,National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence,Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network,Joanna Briggs Institute,Cochrane Library,American Diabetes Association Website,Medlive.cn,CNKI,WanFang Data,Cqvip.com,PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase） was retrieved. The types of literature included guidelines,consensuses,evidence summaries,best practice,systematic reviews and meta-analysis. The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation Instrument Ⅱ （AGREE Ⅱ） and A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2（AMSTAR 2） were employed for evaluating the quality of the included studies,and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation （GRADE） were used to rate the quality level of evidence. Results 216 references were obtained by the initial retrieval,and 31 were finally included. 33 pieces of best evidence from 6 aspects on safeness,risks,effects,duration and process,applicable population and food recommendations were summarized. Conclusion Short- and medium-term applications of a low-carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes with the supervision of professionals were safe and effective. Clinical nurses can apply the summarized evidence to the health education on the low-carbohydrate diet of type 2 diabetes patients as appropriate,and they should better consider and combine with clinical diagnosis and treatment,and manage the disease with more evidence-based approaches.

Evidence summary for the evaluation and prevention of pregnancy associated venous thromboembolism

ZHANG Yan, ZHANG Lili, CHEN Jianhong, HUANG Lihua, SONG Yunlian, LAI Lili, LI Xiaofang, GE Shiqi, NI Ling

2022, 57(14):  1765-1771.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.015

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Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarize the best evidence for the evaluation and prevention of pregnancy associated venous thromboembolism（PA-VTE）,so as to provide references for clinical management. Methods We searched the literature from the clinical decision-making system UpToDate,BMJ Best Practice,Embase,Springer Link and other websites or databases to collect relevant guidelines,systematic reviews,best practice information sheets,evidence summaries and expert consensuses. The search period was from January 2015 to May 2021,and 2 researchers conducted independent literature evaluation,and 4 researchers conducted evidence extraction,translation,and integration. Results A total of 11 articles were included,including 4 guidelines,1 clinical decision,3 expert consensuses,and 3 systematic reviews. 20 pieces of evidence were summarized from 7 aspects of PA-VTE assessment of risk factors,assessment timing,assessment tools,basic prevention,drug prevention,and health education. Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for the evaluation and prevention of PA-VTE. It is recommended to develop maternal VTE risk assessment tools that meet the national conditions,screen VTE risk factors and manage them in layers,and strengthen maternal VTE health education to achieve the goal of reducing the incidence of PA-VTE.

Review

Self-advocacy in people with chronic diseases

ZHANG Xinyue, ZHANG Zhenxiang, MEI Yongxia, REN Hui

2022, 57(14):  1772-1776.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.016

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Chronic diseases become a major problem that threatens the health of the population and affects national economy. Studies have shown that patients with high levels of self-advocacy are able to gather medical information and access external support,so that they can take the initiative to choose care and treatment that meets their needs,which enables them to better manage their diseases. While some progress has been made overseas in the study of self-advocacy for people with chronic diseases,research in this area still remains limited in China. Therefore,this paper provides an overview of the assessment tools,influencing factors and interventions of self-advocacy in people with chronic diseases,in order to offer a useful reference for the development of self-advocacy in China.

Research advances on fertility information needs and support for adolescent and young adult female cancer patients

WANG Songmei, ZHAO Yajie, HOU Yingge, XIAO Shuqing, LI Haozheng, YAN Ling

2022, 57(14):  1777-1782.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.017

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As the prognosis for adolescent and young adult cancer patients improves considerably,their concerns about fertility issues are increasing. This paper summarizes the fertility information needs of young female cancer patients,introduces the application of 3 ways of fertility information support （the implementation of multi-disciplinary cooperation in fertility counseling,the development of fertility knowledge manual,and the provision of fertility decision aids）. It also analyzes the reasons for the obstruction of fertility information support for cancer patients from the levels of health care providers and patients,in order to provide references for the development of cancer patients’ fertility information needs assessment tools and the construction of patient demand-oriented fertility information support program in the future.

Advances in research on assessment tools for children’s eating behavior

WANG Dan, XU Hongzhen, SHAO Xuehua, WANG Dan

2022, 57(14):  1783-1782.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.018

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The assessment of children’s eating behaviors helps healthcare professionals to identify their poor eating behaviors and develop targeted interventions to prevent problems such as obesity and malnutrition. This article reviews common eating behavior assessment tools for children at home and abroad,and provides a review of the content,characteristics,and applications of the assessment tools,with the aim of providing a reference for the application and development of eating behavior assessment tools for children.

Research progress on polypharmacy adherence management in HIV-infected people with chronic non-communicable diseases

HE Jiamin, ZHU Zheng, LU Hongzhou

2022, 57(14):  1788-1793.  DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.14.019

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Due to the widespread use of AIDS antiretroviral drugs,the life expectancy of people infected with the human immunodeficiency virus（HIV） has been prolonged. The number of elderly people living with HIV has been increasing and eventually leading to the increase of HIV-infected people with chronic non-communicable diseases （NCDs） year by year. NCDs,including cardiovascular diseases,diabetes,cancer and chronic respiratory disease,require long-term use of multiple medications（polypharmacy） and complex antiretroviral drug regimens,which may lead to the reduced compliance of HIV-infected patients with medication,such as medication errors or missed medication. The problem of polypharmacy adherence of HIV-infected patients has gradually attracted people’s attention. This article systematically reviewed the related studies on the management of polypharmacy adherence in HIV-infected patients with NCDs,elaborated the definition and influencing factors of polypharmacy adherence,and proposed intervention measures to improve the polypharmacy adherence in HIV-infected patients with NCDs. This article aims to provide a reference for further research on adherence management and nursing practice of HIV-infected persons.