Abstract:

Objective To verify the application effect of the muscle strength training based on Fogg behavior model for elderly frail patients，and provide references and bases for subsequent related research. Methods This paper constructed a muscle strength training program for elderly frail patients based on the Fogg behavior model. The exercise intervention process includes the stages of cultivating exercise awareness, scientific fitness guidance, and developing exercise habits. 66 elderly frail people aged 60 and above who were hospitalized in 4 geriatric wards of a tertiary A hospital in Beijing from January to March 2022 were recruited，and they were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group. The intervention group implemented a muscle strength training based on the Fogg behavior model，while the control group was given routine exercise guidance and education for 6 months. The muscle strength，cardiopulmonary function，and glucose and lipid metabolism of the 2 groups were compared at the end of 3 and 6 months of intervention. Results A total of 65 patients with 33 in the control group and 32 in the intervention group completed the study. The muscle strength of the intervention group showed better changes over time at 6 months compared to the control group（P<0.05）. In terms of cardiopulmonary function，the intervention group had better lung capacity than the control group at 3 and 6 months，with statistically significant differences（t=2.166，P=0.034；t=3.385，P=0.001）. There was no statistically significant difference in heart rates and left ventricular ejection fraction between the groups（P>0.05）. In terms of glucose and lipid metabolism，only high-density lipoprotein in the intervention group was found to be superior to it in the control group at 3 and 6 months，with statistically significant differences（t=2.970，P=0.004；t=4.111，P<0.001）. There was no statistically significant difference between blood glucose，low-density lipoprotein，total cholesterol，and triglycerides groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion The muscle strength training based on the Fogg behavior model can effectively improve the muscle strength and lung function of frail elderly patients，and can also improve blood lipid metabolism to a certain extent，while there is no obvious effect on heart function and blood glucose control.

Key words: Health Behavior, Muscle Strength, Exercise, Aged, Frail, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 验证基于行为模型构建的老年衰弱患者肌力训练方案的应用效果，为提高老年衰弱患者的肌肉力量，改善其生活质量提供参考。方法 基于行为模型构建老年衰弱患者肌力训练干预方案，运动干预过程包括运动意识培养阶段、科学健身指导阶段、运动习惯养成阶段。于2022年1月—3月，在北京市某三级甲等医院4个老年病房选取66例老年衰弱患者为研究对象，按病房将其分为试验组和对照组。试验组在常规护理的基础上实施基于行为模型的老年衰弱患者肌力训练干预方案，对照组给予6个月的常规运动指导和健康教育，在干预3个月和6个月时，比较两组肌力、心肺功能及糖脂代谢情况。结果 共有65例患者完成研究，对照组33例，试验组32例。试验组肌力随时间变化在干预6个月时优于对照组（P<0.05）；心肺功能方面，试验组肺活量在干预3个月和干预6个月时优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=2.166，P=0.034；t=3.385，P=0.001）；两组心率和左心室射血分数比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；糖脂代谢方面，试验组高密度脂蛋白在干预3个月和干预6个月时优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=2.970，P=0.004；t=4.111，P<0.001）；两组血糖、低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 实施基于行为模型的老年衰弱患者肌力训练干预方案能有效提高患者的肌力和肺功能，可在一定程度上改善其血脂代谢情况，但对改善心功能、控制血糖效果不明显。

关键词: 健康行为, 肌力, 训练, 老年, 衰弱, 护理