Abstract:

Objective To construct a preoperative prehabilitation program for liver transplant recipients，so as to provide practical guidance for the promotion of prehabilitation in liver transplant recipients. Methods From June to September 2022，the first draft of preoperative prehabilitation program for liver transplant recipients was constructed by literature review and panel meeting. From September to October 2022，22 liver transplantation nursing experts and liver transplantation medical experts from Shanghai，Beijing，Taiyuan，Jinan，Qingdao，Tianjin，Fuzhou and Hangzhou were interviewed by Delphi method for 2 rounds to revise the preoperative prehabilitation program for liver transplant recipients，and then Analytic Hierarchy Process was used to calculate the weight of each item. Results The response rates in the 2 rounds of consultations were 100%. Authoritative coefficients in the 2 rounds of expert consultations were 0.840 and 0.880. The Kendall’W in the 2 rounds of expert consultations were 0.132 and 0.219，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.001）. The coefficient of variation of items in the second round was 0~0.13. The final preoperative prehabilitation program for liver transplant recipients consisted of 3 first-level items，9 second-level items，and 48 third-level items. Conclusion The preoperative prehabilitation program for liver transplant recipients has reliability and scientificity，which can provide references for prehabilitation in liver transplant recipients.

Key words: Liver Transplantation, Prehabilitation, Enhanced Recovery after Surgery, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 构建肝移植患者术前预康复方案，为预康复在肝移植患者中的推广提供理论依据。 方法 2022年6月—9月通过文献检索、专家小组会议制订肝移植患者术前预康复方案初稿。2022年9月—10月对来自上海市、北京市、太原市、济南市、青岛市、天津市、福州市、杭州市的从事肝移植护理及医疗工作的22名专家进行了2轮德尔菲专家函询，对肝移植患者术前预康复方案进行修订，之后通过层次分析法计算各个条目的权重。 结果 2轮函询问卷的有效回收率均为100%，专家权威系数分别为0.840、0.880，肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.132、0.219，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。第2轮函询的变异系数为0~0.13。最终构建的肝移植患者术前预康复方案包括3项一级条目、9项二级条目、48项三级条目。 结论 该研究构建的肝移植患者术前预康复方案具有科学性、可靠性、实用性，可为预康复在肝移植患者中的实施提供理论依据。

关键词: 肝移植, 预康复, 加速康复外科, 护理