Abstract:

Objective To develop a Psychological Capital Scale for Nurses and to test its reliability and validity. Methods Guided by the positive organizational behavior theory，an initial scale was developed through literature review，Delphi and pre-survey. From November to December 2021，255 nurses from 5 tertiary A general hospitals in Chengdu were selected for questionnaire survey，and the reliability and validity of the scale were analyzed. From January 2022 to March，350 nurses from above 5 hospitals were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey for confirmatory factor analysis. Results Psychological Capital Scale for Nurses contains 6 dimensions and 30 items. Cronbach’s α coefficient，split-half reliability，test-retest reliability and the scale level content validity index was 0.981，0.996，0.918，and 0.956，respectively. The correlation coefficient between the dimension and total score of the scale and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale was 0.680~0.750，and the Compassion Fatigue-short Scale was -0.600~ -0.569（all P<0.05）. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 6 factors，and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 77.587%. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the factor structure of the scale was stable. Conclusion The Psychological Capital Scale for Nurses has ideal reliability and validity，which can be used to measure nurses’ psychological capital.

Key words: Nurse, Psychological Capital, Scale Development, Reliability, Validity, Nursing Admini-stration Research

摘要：

目的 编制护士心理资本量表并检验其信效度。 方法 以积极组织行为学理论为框架，通过文献分析、德尔菲专家函询和预调查形成量表初稿。于2021年11月—12月选取成都市5所三级甲等综合医院的255名护士进行问卷调查，分析量表的信度及结构效度；2022年1月—3月选取该5所医院的350名护士进行问卷调查，用于验证性因子分析及效标关联效度分析。 结果 护士心理资本量表包含6个维度，30个条目。量表总的Cronbach’s α系数为0.981，分半信度为0.996，重测信度为0.918，平均内容效度指数为0.956；量表各维度得分及总分与工作投入简短量表总分的相关系数为0.680~0.750，与共情疲劳短版量表总分的相关系数为-0.600~-0.569（均P<0.05）。探索性因子分析提取6个公因子，累计方差贡献率为77.587%；验证性因子分析显示量表因子结构稳定。 结论 护士心理资本量表具有良好的信效度，可用于测量护士的心理资本水平。

关键词: 护士, 心理资本, 量表编制, 信度, 效度, 护理管理研究