Abstract:

Objective To assess the current status of exercise perception in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Using a convenience sampling method,207 hospitalized elderly COPD patients from 4 tertiary hospitals in Jinan city from December 2018 to June 2019 were selected as participants. The general information questionnaire,Exercise Benefit/Barriers Scale,Breathlessness Beliefs Questionnaire,Self-efficacy Scale and Social Support Rating Scale were used for investigation. Results The total score of exercise benefits/barriers in 207 elderly COPD patients was (127.34±11.71). Exercise perception was negatively correlated with activity-related fear (r=-0.469,P<0.001),and positively correlated with both self-efficacy and social support (r=0.412,P<0.001;r=0.247,P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that activity-related fear,self-efficacy,social support,and the situation of physical activity prior to COPD were the influlencing factors of exercise perception. Conclusion The level of exercise perception in elderly patients with COPD needs to be improved. Strengthening exercise rehabilitation education and guidance for COPD patients and their families,helping patients eliminate or reduce their fear of physical activity,and improving their self-efficacy and ability to access and utilize social support are beneficial to improve their exercise perception.

Key words: Aged, Pulmonary Disease,Chronic Obstructive, Perception, Exercise, Physical Activity, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 评估老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD) 患者锻炼行为感知水平,并分析其影响因素。方法 采用方便抽样法,选取2018年12月—2019年6月于济南市4所三级甲等医院住院的207例老年COPD患者作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、锻炼益处及障碍量表、呼吸困难信念问卷、COPD患者自我效能量表和社会支持评定量表进行调查。 结果 207例老年COPD患者锻炼益处及障碍量表得分为 (127.34±11.71) 分,锻炼行为感知与恐惧活动信念呈负相关 (r=-0.469,P<0.001),与自我效能和社会支持均呈正相关 (r=0.412,P<0.001;r=0.247,P<0.001) 。多元线性回归分析结果显示,恐惧活动信念、自我效能、社会支持及患病前体力活动情况是锻炼行为感知的影响因素。 结论 老年COPD患者的锻炼行为感知水平有待提高。加强对COPD患者及其家属的运动康复教育和指导,帮助患者消除或降低对体力活动的恐惧,提高自我效能感和获取、利用社会支持的能力,有利于改善其对锻炼行为的感知。

关键词: 老年人, 肺疾病,慢性阻塞性, 感知, 锻炼, 体力活动, 影响因素分析, 护理