Abstract:

Objective Skin Prick Test （SPT） is widely used in clinical practice,however,standard guidelines still remain blank. The establishment of an expert consensus of clinical practice in children can fill the gap of clinical practice guidelines to some extent,and provide references for the clinical operation of SPT in China. Methods In this study,we formulated clinical problems through the literature review and experts experience. The clinical problems were revised and improved through consensus meetings. Results The final consensus was formulated on indications,contraindications,applicable population,operation steps,interpretation of results,clinical manifestations and treatment measures of allergic reactions,frequently asked questions of SPT operation,etc. It is recommended that children’s allergen SPT is suitable for people aged 0-18 years. If children are suspected to be sensitized to one or several allergens,the allergen SPT can be conducted on one or both forearms due to different skin areas of children at different ages. Conclusion The consensus is highly operable with certain clinical value.

Key words: Allergen, Skin Prick Test, Expert Consensus, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 制订儿童过敏原皮肤点刺试验护理实践专家共识,以下简称《共识》,为儿童过敏原皮肤点刺临床实践提供参考。方法 通过查阅国内外文献并结合专家临床经验,形成临床问题,采用名义群组法对问题进行投票,确定8个重要临床问题。通过共识会议法对8个重要临床问题提出具体处理方法。 结果 对儿童过敏原皮肤点刺试验适用范围、适应证、禁忌证、操作步骤、结果判读、过敏反应的临床表现,以及皮肤点刺试验操作常见问题处理方法等形成共识。推荐儿童过敏原皮肤点刺试验适用于0~18岁人群,怀疑儿童对某种或几种变应原过敏,即可行过敏原皮肤点刺试验,由于不同年龄儿童皮肤面积不同,过敏原皮肤点刺试验可在单侧或双侧前臂进行。操作过程中需注意操作步骤和结果判读的正确性。 结论 《共识》在现有技术、证据的基础上对儿童过敏原皮肤点刺试验中重要五一节进行规范,可操作性强,对临床实践有重要指导作用。

关键词: 过敏原, 皮肤点刺试验, 专家共识, 护理