Abstract:

Objective To explore the related factors of intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults and analyze the pathways of these factors，and to provide evidence for improving their intrinsic capacity. Methods Using convenience sampling，308 community-dwelling older adults in Hangzhou were recruited as participants in March 2026. The survey utilized a general information questionnaire，the Brief Aging Perceptions Questionnaire，the Geriatric Health Promotion Scale，and the Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People. Descriptive statistics，univariate analysis，Pearson correlation analysis，and multiple linear regression analysis were performed using SPSS 26.0 software. Path analysis was conducted using SPSS PROCESS v4.2. Results A total of 300 valid questionnaires were included. The intrinsic capacity score among community-dwelling older adults was（114.95± 7.31） points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-perception of aging，health promotion behaviors，age，and self-rated health status were factors associated with the intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults（P<0.05）. Path analysis indicated that the total effect of self-perception of aging on intrinsic capacity was -0.388，with a direct effect of -0.223. The indirect effect of health promotion behaviors accounted for 42.5% of the total effect（B=-0.165，95%CI：-0.209~-0.122）. Conclusion The intrinsic capacity among community-dwelling older adults is influenced by multiple factors. Healthcare professionals may delay the decline in their intrinsic capacity by reducing negative perceptions of aging and enhancing adherence to health promotion behaviors.

Key words: Aged, Intrinsic Capacity, Health Promotion Behaviors, Self-Perception of Aging, Geriatric Nursing

摘要：

目的 探讨影响社区老年人内在能力的相关因素，并分析这些因素的作用路径，为改善其内在能力提供依据。 方法 采用便利抽样法，于2026年3月招募杭州市308名社区老年人作为调查对象，采用一般资料问卷、简版自我感知老化量表、老年健康促进量表及老年人内在能力评估量表进行调查。运用SPSS 26.0软件进行描述性统计、单因素分析、Pearson相关分析及多元线性回归分析。采用SPSS PROCESS v4.2进行变量间的路径分析。 结果 共纳入有效问卷300份。社区老年人内在能力得分为（114.95 ± 7.31）分。多元线性回归分析结果显示，自我感知老化、健康促进行为、年龄及自评健康状况是影响社区老年人内在能力的相关因素（P<0.05）。路径分析结果显示，自我感知老化对内在能力的总效应值为-0.388，直接效应值为-0.223，健康促进行为的间接效应占总效应的42.5%（非标准化系数=-0.165，95%CI： -0.209~-0.122）。 结论 社区老年人内在能力受多种因素影响，医护人员可通过改善其消极老化认知和增强健康促进行为依从性，从而延缓其内在能力衰退。

关键词: 老年人, 内在能力, 健康促进行为, 自我感知老化, 老年护理