Abstract:

Objective To conduct a scoping review of studies on the application of virtual reality technology in rehabilitation training for patients with shoulder dysfunction，aiming to provide references for standardizing its application. Methods Following the guidelines for scoping reviews，systematic searches were conducted in PubMed，Embase，CINAHL，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，Scopus，CNKI，Wanfang Database，VIP Database，and CBM. The search period spanned from the establishment of each database to June 30，2025. The included studies were summarized and analyzed. Results A total of 16 studies were included，comprising 14 randomized controlled trials，1 quasi-experimental study，and 1 mixed-methods study，involving 885 patients with shoulder dysfunction. The interventions primarily included virtual scenario training，virtual game training，virtual body training，virtual rehabilitation self-assessment system training，and augmented reality system training. The intervention frequency was primarily 5 sessions per week，with mostly 10~30 minutes per session. The total intervention duration ranged from 15 minutes to 6 months. Outcome measures covered various aspects such as shoulder joint function，pain，shoulder muscle function，daily living ability，and quality of life. Conclusion Virtual reality technology has broad application in rehabilitation training for patients with shoulder disorders. Future efforts should focus on continuously updating systems，conducting economic evaluations，and ensuring digital equity to enhance patients’ rehabilitation experiences and improve health outcomes.

Key words: Virtual Reality, Shoulder Joint Function, Rehabilitation, Scoping Review, Evidence-Based

摘要：

目的 综述虚拟现实技术在肩关节功能障碍患者康复中的应用，为规范实践提供参考。 方法 遵循范围综述指南，检索PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Scopus、中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库等，检索时限为建库至2025年6月30日，对纳入文献汇总、分析。 结果 共纳入16篇文献，包括14篇随机对照试验、1篇类实验研究和1篇混合研究，涉及885例患者。干预形式主要包括虚拟情景训练、游戏训练、身体训练、自测系统训练和增强现实系统训练。干预频次多为每周5次，单次时间为10~30 min，总时长15 min至6个月。结局指标涉及肩关节活动功能、疼痛、肩部肌肉功能、生活能力及生活质量等。 结论 虚拟现实技术在肩关节功能障碍患者康复中的应用广泛，未来应持续优化系统，注重数字公平与卫生经济学评价，以提升患者的康复体验与健康结局。

关键词: 虚拟现实, 肩关节, 康复, 范围综述, 循证护理学