Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status of death anxiety in patients with primary liver cancer and analyze its influencing factors，so as to provide basis for developing individualized psychological guidance and intervention measures. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select 302 patients with primary liver cancer who were hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Jiangsu Province from March to November 2022. The General Demographic Information Questionnaire，the Templer’s Death Anxiety Scale（T-DAS），the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory（STAI），the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale（SES） and the Self-perceived Burden Scale（SPBS） were used to conduct questionnaire survey during hospitalization. Single factor analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to analyze the factors influencing the death anxiety in patients with primary liver cancer. Results A total of 298 patients with primary liver cancer were included in the study. The effective recovery rate was 98.68%. The total score of the F-DAS was（7.10±3.43） points；56.38% of the patients had high death anxiety. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the factors influencing the death anxiety in patients with primary liver cancer included gender，China liver cancer staging，duration of diagnosis，self-esteem，trait anxiety and self-perceived burden. A total of 49.00% of the variation in death anxiety was explained. Conclusion The death anxiety of patients with primary liver cancer is at a high level. It is suggested that medical staff should pay more attention to female patients with China liver cancer staging IV，diagnosis time﹥3 months and low self-esteem，high levels of trait-anxiety and self-perceived burden，in order to develop personalized intervention measures，carry out psychological counseling and emotional support to relieve patients’ death anxiety.

Key words: Primary Liver Cancer, Death Anxiety, Root Cause Analysis, Oncologic Nursing

摘要：

目的 了解原发性肝癌患者的死亡焦虑现状并分析其影响因素，为制订个性化的干预措施提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法，选取2022年3月—11月在江苏省某三级甲等医院住院的302例原发性肝癌患者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、死亡焦虑量表、状态-特质焦虑问卷、自尊量表及自我感受负担量表进行调查。通过单因素分析和多元线性回归分析探索原发性肝癌患者死亡焦虑的影响因素。结果 最终纳入298例原发性肝癌患者，问卷有效回收率为98.68%，患者死亡焦虑量表得分为（7.10±3.43）分，56.38%的患者存在高死亡焦虑。多元线性回归分析结果显示，原发性肝癌患者的性别、中国肝癌分期、疾病确诊时长、自尊、特质焦虑及自我感受负担是其死亡焦虑的影响因素，共解释死亡焦虑49.00%的变异。结论 原发性肝癌患者死亡焦虑处于较高水平，医护人员需关注女性、中国肝癌分期为Ⅳ期、确诊时间>3个月、低自尊、特质焦虑及自我感受负担水平高的患者，为其制订个性化的干预措施，定时开展心理疏导，提供情感支持，以缓解患者的死亡焦虑。

关键词: 肝癌, 死亡焦虑, 影响因素分析, 肿瘤护理