Abstract:

Objective To retrieve and obtain the relevant evidence of swallowing function training for patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy，and to summarize the best evidence for clinical references. Methods We systematically searched National Guideline Clearinghouse（NGC），Guidelines International Network（GIN），Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network（SIGN），Joanna Briggs Institute（JBI），Cochrane Library，PubMed，UP To Date，Web of Science，Embase，CNKI，Wanfang Database，medlive for all evidence of swallowing function training in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy，including clinical recommended practice，guidelines，expert consensuses，systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials.The retrieval period was from the inception of databases to August 2022. Results A total of 20 articles，including 1 clinical recommended practice，2 guidelines，5 expert consensuses，7 systematic reviews，and 5 randomized controlled trials. Through the evidence extraction and integration of the included literature，27 pieces of best evidence were finally summarized from the following 8 aspects，namely training purpose，training subject，training time，preparation before training，training scheme，radiotherapy suggestions，quality control and effect evaluation. Conclusion 27 pieces of best evidence were obtained based on the evidence summary method. In the process of nursing practice，nurses should select evidence in combination with specific clinical situations and patient needs，and relevant evidence should be updated in a timely manner.

Key words: Head and Neck Tumors, Swallowing Function Training, Radiotherapy, Evidence Summary, Evidence-Based Nursing

摘要：

目的 检索并获取头颈部肿瘤放疗患者吞咽功能训练的相关证据，并对最佳证据进行总结，为临床实践提供参考。方法 系统检索美国国立指南库、国际指南协作网、苏格兰校际指南网络、乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心数据库、Cochrane Library、PubMed、UpToDate、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库和医脉通中头颈部肿瘤放疗患者吞咽功能训练的所有证据，包括临床决策、指南、专家共识、系统评价、随机对照试验。检索时限为建库至2022年8月。结果 共纳入20篇文献，包括1篇临床决策、2篇指南、5篇专家共识、7篇系统评价、5篇随机对照试验。通过对纳入文献的证据进行提取与整合，最终从训练目的、训练对象、训练时间、训练前的准备、训练方案、放疗建议、质量控制、效果评价8个方面总结了27条最佳证据。结论 基于证据总结方法获得27条最佳证据，在护理实践过程中，护理人员应结合具体的临床情境及患者需求选择证据，并及时更新相关证据。

关键词: 头颈部肿瘤, 吞咽功能训练, 放射治疗, 证据总结, 循证护理学