Abstract:

Objective To develop an expert consensus on pulmonary rehabilitation care after pediatric lung transplantation（hereinafter referred to as “consensus”），in order to standardize the practice of pediatric pulmonary rehabilitation care in medical institutions after pediatric lung transplantation and promote early recovery of children. Methods Guided by the evidence-based approach，combined with clinical nursing practice experience，a draft of the “consensus” was formed. From January to March 2025，12 experts were invited to conduct 2 rounds of expert inquiries to revise and improve the initial draft of “consensus”. On March 16，2025，an expert validation meeting was held to form the final draft of the “consensus”. Results The response rates for the 2 rounds of expert consultations were 100%，respectively，with expert authority coefficients of 0.815. The importance ratings for each item were all greater than 4 points，and the coefficient of variation was less than 0.25 for all items. The Kendall’s coefficient of concordance for the 2 rounds of expert consultations were 0.115 and 0.178（P<0.05）. The finalized “consensus” covers 12 areas，including multidisciplinary team formation and management，fluid management，mechanical ventilation，sequential oxygen therapy，pulmonary function training，exercise training，safety management，pain management，nutrition management，immunosuppressive agent management，psychosocial support，and health education. Conclusion This “consensus” has strong scientificity and clinical applicability，which can provide guidance for clinical nursing staff to carry out postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation care for children after lung transplantation.

Key words: Pediatrics, Lung Transplantation, Rehabilitation Nursing, Expert Consensus

摘要：

目的 制订儿童肺移植术后肺康复护理专家共识（以下简称“共识”），以期规范医疗机构儿童肺移植术后肺康复护理实践，促进患儿早期康复。 方法 以循证方法为指导，结合临床护理实践经验，形成“共识”初稿。于2025年1—3月，邀请12名专家进行2轮专家函询对“共识”初稿进行修改、完善，并于2025年3月16日进行专家论证会，形成“共识”终稿。 结果 2轮专家函询的有效问卷回收率均为100%，专家权威系数均为0.815，各条目重要性评分均>4分，变异系数均<0.25，肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.115和0.178（P<0.05）。最终形成的“共识”涵盖12个方面，包括多学科团队组建及管理、液体管理、机械通气、序贯氧疗、肺功能训练、运动训练、安全管理、疼痛管理、营养管理、免疫抑制剂管理、心理社会支持及健康教育。 结论 该“共识”具有较强的科学性、临床适用性，可为临床护理人员开展儿童肺移植术后肺康复护理提供指导。

关键词: 儿童, 肺移植, 康复护理, 专家共识