安宁疗护专科护士认证和再认证发展现状

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2021.04.025

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着人口老龄化以及社会文明不断进步,群众对安宁疗护的需求日益增加。2017年2月首次在国家层面为安宁疗护的实施提供了政策性保障。中国安宁疗护专科护士的培养与使用势在必行。该文介绍了在安宁疗护及专科护士领域处于世界先进水平的国家及地区安宁疗护专科护士申请资质、认证及再认证的发展现状。借鉴国外成熟的经验并结合中国国情,对中国安宁疗护专科护士认证体系的建设提出建议及设想,期望为中国安宁疗护专科护士认证及再认证体系的建设提供参考。

关键词: 安宁疗护, 专科护士, 培养, 认证, 制度, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Demands for palliative care nursing are increasing with the trend in population ageing and social development. In February 2017,for the first time a nationwide policy was established for guaranteeing to implement palliative care nursing. It is imperative to cultivate and engage palliative care specialized nurses in China. This review described the current situation on application requirements,certification and re-certification among advanced countries and regions globally,where palliative care nursing is highly developed. Drawing upon extensive experience from foreign countries and combining with domestic conditions,we proposed suggestions and assumptions and provided references on the establishment of Chinese palliative care specialized nurse credentialing system.

Key words: Palliative Care, Specialist Nurse, Cultivation, Certification, System, Nursing Administration Research

和芳,何瑞仙. 安宁疗护专科护士认证和再认证发展现状[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2021, 56(4): 623-627.

HE Fang,HE Ruixian. Reflections on the current status of certification and re-certification of specialist nurses in palliative care[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2021, 56(4): 623-627.

参考文献 29

[1]	陆宇晗. 我国安宁疗护的现状及发展方向[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2017,52(6):659-664.
	Lu YH. The status quo and development direction of hospice care in China[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2017,52(6):659-664.
[2]	中共中央国务院. 《健康中国“2030”规划纲要》[EB/OL]. （2016-11-11）[2020-3-24]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-11/11/content_5131192.htm.
	CPC Central Committee and State Council. Healthy China 2030 Planning Outline[EB/OL]. （2016-11-11）[2020-3-24]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-11/11/content_5131192.htm.
[3]	国家卫生计生委. 国家卫生计生委关于印发安宁疗护中心基本标准和管理规范（试行）的通知[EB/OL]. （2017-02-09）[2020-03-24]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/.
	National Health and Family Planning Commission. National Health and Family Planning Commission prints and distributes basic norms and management standards of palliative care centers（Trial）[EB/OL]. （2017-02-09）[2020-03-24]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/.
[4]	Thompson CJ. Research priorities for nursing education:application to clinical nurse specialist education[J]. Clin Nurse Spec, 2017,31(5):285-288. DOI URL PMID
[5]	Advanced Practice Registered Nurses(APRN)[EB/OL]. [2020-04-14]. https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/aprn/.
[6]	Tuttle J. Stewarding the nurse practitioner role in interdisciplinary education[J]. J Am Assoc Nurse Pract, 2018,30(7):364-365. DOI URL PMID
[7]	曹晶, 吴欣娟. 专科护士临床护理实践与管理模式[J]. 中华护理教育, 2019,16(9):654-656.
	Cao J, Wu XJ. Nursing practice and management of specialty nurses[J]. Chin J Nurs Educ, 2019,16(9):654-656.
[8]	About St Christopher’s education[EB/OL]. [2020-03-24]. https://www.stchristophers.org.uk/education/about.
[9]	Registering as a nurse or midwife in the UK[EB/OL]. （2018-05-17）[2020-03-24]. https://www.nmc.org.uk/globalassets/sitedocuments/registration/registering-nurse-or-midwife-outside-eu.pdf.
[10]	How to revalidate with the NMC[EB/OL].（2019-05）[2020-03-24]. https://www.nmc.org.uk/globalassets/sitedocuments/revalidation/how-to-revalidate-booklet.pdf.
[11]	Australia Nurse Association. Registration standard[EB/OL]. （2016-06-01）[2020-02-29]. https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Registration-Standards/Endorsement-as-a-nurse-practitioner.aspx.
[12]	Australia Nurse Association. Registration standard：Endorsement as a nurse practitioner[EB/OL]. （2016-06-01）[2020-02-29]. https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Registration-Standards/Endorsement-as-a-nurse-practitioner.aspx.
[13]	Hospice & Palliative Nurses Association. Advanced Certified Hospice and Palliative Nurse[EB/OL]. [2020-03-06]. https://advancingexpertcare.org/HPCC/CertificationWeb/ACHPN.aspx.
[14]	Hospice & Palliative Nurses Association. Advanced Certified Hospice and Palliative Nurse（ACHPN） Recertification[EB/OL].[2020-03-06]. https://advancingexpertcare.org/HPNA/Certification/Recertification/ACHPN_Recertification/HPCC/CertificationWeb/Recertify_ACHPN.aspx?hkey=78fb0daf-c53d-4895-8ec7-253785b629fa.
[15]	Canada Nurse Association. Initial Exam Eligibility Criteria[EB/OL]. [2020-03-06]. https://www.cna-aiic.ca/en/certification/get-certified/initial-exam-eligibility.
[16]	Canada Nurse Association. Renewal Eligibility[EB/OL]. [2019-12-16]. https://www.cna-aiic.ca/en/certification/renewing-your-certification/renewal-eligibility.
[17]	日本看護協会. 認定看護師（Certified Nurse）とは[EB/OL].（2019-07-15）[2020-02-26]. https://nintei.nurse.or.jp/nursing/qualification/cn.
	Japanese Nursing Association. Definition of certified nurse [EB/OL].（2019-07-15）[2020-02-26]. https://nintei.nurse.or.jp/nursing/qualification/cn.
[18]	日本看護協会. 資格認定制度について[EB/OL]. （2019-07-14）[2020-02-26]. https://nintei.nurse.or.jp/nursing/qualification/about_institution.
	Japanese Nursing Association. About qualification credentialing system[EB/OL]. （2019-07-14）[2020-02-26]. https://nintei.nurse.or.jp/nursing/qualification/about_institution.
[19]	中国台湾安宁缓和护理学会. 2019年安宁缓和护理师甄审简章[EB/OL]. （2019-06-28）[2020-02-26]. http://www.hospicenurse.org.tw/UI/H2/H100000.aspx.
	Chinese Taiwan Association of Hospice Palliative Nursing. Announcement of palliative care nurse credentialing in 2019[EB/OL]. （2019-06-28）[2020-02-26]. http://www.hospicenurse.org.tw/UI/H2/H100000.aspx.
[20]	中国台湾安宁缓和护理学会. 安宁缓和护理师甄审办法[EB/OL]. （2019-06-22）[2020-02-26]. http://www.hospicenurse.org.tw/filecenter/UserFiles/.
	Chinese Taiwan Association of Hospice Palliative Nursing. Qualification criteria of palliative care nurses[EB/OL]. （2019-06-22）[2020-02-26]. http://www.hospicenurse.org.tw/filecenter/UserFiles/.
[21]	杨华. 香港护理深造学院专科护士培训特色及启示[J]. 护理学报, 2010,17(1):26-28.
	Yang H. Training for specialized nurses in Hongkong institute of advanced nursing studies and the enlightenment[J]. J Nurs, 2010,17(1):26-28.
[22]	中华护理学会. 关于举办2017年全国安宁疗护课程培训班通知[EB/OL]. （2017-01-22）[2020-03-04]. http://www.cna-cast.org.cn/showInfo.asp?id=486.
	Chinese Nursing Association. Notification of Chinese palliative care nursing seminar in 2017[EB/OL]. （2017-01-22）[2020-03-04]. http://www.cna-cast.org.cn/showInfo.asp?id=486.
[23]	许湘华, 李旭英, 沈波涌, 等. 安宁疗护专科护士培训的实践[J]. 中国护理管理, 2019,19(10):1513-1517.
	Xu XH, Li XY, Shen BY, et al. The practice and prospection of palliative care nurse specialist training[J]. Chin Nurs Manag, 2019,19(10):1513-1517.
[24]	王粲霏, 贾会英, 吴珂, 等. 多学科协作模式在安宁疗护中的应用研究进展[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2018,53(7):866-872.
	Wang CF, Jia HY, Wu K, et al. Research progress of multidisciplinary collaboration in palliative care nursing[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2018,53(7):866-872.
[25]	鲍银月, 樊洁, 王亚军, 等. 重视继续医学教育、规范继续教育项目管理模式[J]. 中国医刊, 2015,50(8):18-20.
	Bao YY, Fan J, Wang YJ, et al. Emphasizing continuing medical education and standardizing management mode of continuing medical education programmes[J]. Chin J Med, 2015,50(8):18-20.
[26]	唐鹤淑, 姚志清, 张梅. 英国口腔护士的发展对我国口腔专科护理的启示[J]. 护理研究, 2019,33(18):3159-3162.
	Tang HS, Yao ZQ, Zhang M. Enlightenment of the development of British oral nurses on dental specialized nursing in China[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2019,33(18):3159-3162.
[27]	谌永毅, 成琴琴, 刘翔宇, 等. 护士在安宁疗护中的角色和地位[J]. 中国护理管理, 2018,18(3):311-315.
	Chen YY, Cheng QQ, Liu XY, et al. The role and status of nurses in hospice care[J]. Chin Nurs Manag, 2018,18(3):311-315.
[28]	魏春苗, 穆燕. 国内专科护士再认证的可行性分析[J]. 护理学杂志, 2014,29(24):76-79.
	Wei CM, Mu Y. Feasibility analysis of recertification for domestic specialist nurses[J]. J Nurs Sci, 2014,29(24):76-79.
[29]	李伟, 曹立云, 丁炎明. 美国临床专科护士的培养与实践[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2018,24(4):494-496.
	Li W, Cao LY, Ding YM. Education and practice status of clinical nursing specialists in United States[J]. Chin J Mod Nurs, 2018,24(4):494-496.