生活项目干预方案预防住院老年患者谵妄的效果研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2019.06.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探索住院老年患者生活项目干预方案(Hospital Elderly Life Program,HELP)对预防住院老年患者谵妄的效果。方法制订中文版的HELP谵妄预防方案,包括评估患者谵妄相关危险因素,针对危险因素进行多学科团队合作,制订有针对性的个体化非药物干预措施。选取住院老年患者200例,按病区所在楼层分为试验组(100例)和对照组(100例)。试验组采取常规护理结合HELP方案的干预方法,对照组采取常规护理方法,均干预2周。比较两组干预前后的谵妄发生率、自理能力、认知功能和住院时间。结果试验组谵妄的发生率为5.2%,对照组谵妄的发生率为13.0%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预2周后,试验组的自理能力、认知功能均优于对照组,且住院时间较对照组缩短,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 HELP方案能有效预防住院老年患者谵妄的发生,有利于改善老年住院患者的自理能力和认知功能,缩短住院时间。

关键词: 生活项目干预方案, 老年人, 住院患者, 谵妄, 老年护理学, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effect of the Hospitalized Elderly Life Program (HELP) on the prevention of delirium in hospitalized elderly patients.Methods A Chinese version of the HELP was developed. We assessed risk factors related to delirium,and used the multi-disciplinary team work to develop targeted and individualized non-drug interventions. Two hundred hospitalized elderly patients were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group,each group had 100 elderly patients. Patients in the intervention group adopted routine nursing methods combined with the HELP program for 2 weeks,and the control group adopted routine nursing methods. We compared the incidence of delirium,activities of daily living,cognitive function and length of stay between two groups.Results The incidence of delirium was 5.2% in the intervention group and 13% in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At the same time,the activities of daily life and cognitive function of the intervention group were better,length of stay was shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion The HELP program can effectively prevent the occurrence of delirium in hospitalized elderly patients,and good for improvement of activities of daily life and cognitive function,and it can shorten the length of stay.

Key words: Hospitalized Elderly Life Program, Aged, Inpatients, Delirium, Geriatric Nursing, Nursing Administration Research

黄艳, 张蒙, 高浪丽, 谢冬梅, 岳冀蓉, 赵文婷, 张雪梅. 生活项目干预方案预防住院老年患者谵妄的效果研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2019, 54(6): 855-860.

HUANG Yan, ZHANG Meng, GAO Langli, XIE Dongmei, YUE Jirong, ZHAO Wenting, ZHANG Xuemei. The effect of HELP to prevent the occurrence of delirium in hospitalized elderly patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2019, 54(6): 855-860.

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