阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者疾病感知经历的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.05.011

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (5): 653-659.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.05.011

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者疾病感知经历的质性研究

朱金星¹(), 顾招芹¹, 汤婷¹, 陈秋圆¹, 丁宁¹, 李方²^,^*()

1.南京医科大学第一附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科南京市 210029
2.南京医科大学第一附属医院护理部南京市 210029

收稿日期:2025-07-14 出版日期:2026-03-10 发布日期:2026-03-05
*通讯作者: 李方，E-mail：lifangcf@163.com
作者简介:朱金星：女，硕士，副主任护师，E-mail：venusfei@163.com
基金资助:
江苏省人民医院临床能力提升工程护理项目(JSPH-NB-2022-16)

A qualitative study on illness perception experience of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

ZHU Jinxing¹(), GU Zhaoqin¹, TANG Ting¹, CHEN Qiuyuan¹, DING Ning¹, LI Fang²^,^*()

1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine，the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 210029，China
2. Nursing Department，the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 210029，China

Received:2025-07-14 Online:2026-03-10 Published:2026-03-05
* Corresponding author: LI Fang，E-mail：lifangcf@163.com
Funding program:
Nursing Project of Clinical Capacity Enhancement Program，Jiangsu Province Hospital(JSPH-NB-2022-16)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于自我调节常识模型（common-sense model of self-regulation，CSM）探索阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（obstructive sleep apnea syndrome，OSAS）患者的疾病感知体验，为制订精准化护理干预策略提供依据。方法采用描述性质性研究方法，通过目的抽样法选取2024年8—10月在南京市某三级甲等医院住院的17例OSAS患者进行半结构式访谈，运用Colaizzi 7步分析法进行资料处理并提炼主题。结果提炼出OSAS患者疾病感知的3大核心主题：认知型疾病表征——疾病认知模糊、偏差与延迟应对，情感型疾病表征——沉重的情绪负担与心理社会困扰，疾病应对能力不足——多重制约下的管理困境。结论该研究系统揭示了OSAS患者在CSM框架下的疾病感知三维结构（认知、情感、应对），提示护理干预应聚焦个性化认知矫正、情绪管理技术及社会支持，以提升患者的自我管理效能并改善其预后。

关键词: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征, 自我调节常识模型, 疾病感知, 质性研究, 慢性病护理

Abstract:

Objective To deeply explore the illness perception experiences of patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome（OSAS） based on the common-sense model of self-regulation（CSM），providing a basis for developing precise nursing intervention strategies. Methods A descriptive qualitative design was employed. Totally 17 OSAS inpatients from a tertiary hospital in Nanjing City were purposively sampled with maximum variation sampling for semi-structured interviews from August to October 2024. Interview data were analyzed and themes were extracted using Colaizzi’s seven-step phenomenological analysis method. Results Totally 3 core themes of disease perception in OSAS patients were identified，including cognitive disease manifestations（ambiguity，bias，and delayed coping in disease perception），emotional disease manifestations（heavy emotional burden and psychosocial distress），inadequate disease coping capacity（management challenges under multiple constraints）. Conclusion This study systematically revealed the tri-dimensional structure（cognitive-emotional-coping） of illness perception in OSAS patients within the CSM framework. Consequently，nursing interventions should prioritize personalized cognitive restructuring，emotion management techniques，and social support to enhance patients’ self-management efficacy and long-term prognosis.

Key words: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome, Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation, Illness Perception, Qualitative Research, Chronic Disease Care

朱金星, 顾招芹, 汤婷, 陈秋圆, 丁宁, 李方. 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者疾病感知经历的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(5): 653-659.

ZHU Jinxing, GU Zhaoqin, TANG Ting, CHEN Qiuyuan, DING Ning, LI Fang. A qualitative study on illness perception experience of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(5): 653-659.

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阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者疾病感知经历的质性研究

A qualitative study on illness perception experience of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

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