医护人员视角下危重症患儿早期活动影响因素的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.04.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探索医护人员视角下危重症患儿早期活动的影响因素，为制订早期活动方案提供依据。方法采用目的抽样法，选取2025年3—4月安徽省合肥市某三级甲等综合医院儿童重症监护室和康复科的20名医护人员进行半结构式访谈，基于实施性研究综合框架，采用定向内容分析法对访谈资料进行分析。结果医护人员视角下危重症患儿早期活动的影响因素归纳为以下5个主题：早期活动方案在临床中的适应性及优先级别；外部支持与资源条件；内部保障体系建设；个体认知与动机；实施过程中的流程与协作。结论医护人员视角下危重症患儿早期活动受到多种因素的影响，建议从搭建多维度学习平台、增加康复设备、提供配套政策支持、统筹人力资源等方面制订促进策略，同时聚焦患儿及其家长需求，优化早期活动实施管理，以期改善危重症患儿的身体功能。

关键词: 早期活动, 儿童重症监护室, 影响因素, 实施性研究综合框架, 质性研究, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To explore the influencing factors of early activity in critically ill children from the perspective of medical staff，and to provide a basis for the formulation of early mobilization programs. Methods Using the purpose sampling method，20 medical staff from the pediatric intensive care unit and rehabilitation department of a tertiary A general hospital in Hefei City，Anhui Province were selected from March to April 2025 for semi-structured interviews. Based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research，the interview data were analyzed using the targeted content analysis method. Results From the perspective of medical staff，the influencing factors of early activity for critically ill children can be summarized into the following 5 themes：adaptability and priority of early intervention programs in clinical practice；external support and resource conditions；internal support system construction；individual cognition and motivation；processes and collaboration during implementation. Conclusion From the perspective of medical staff，the early mobilization of critically ill children is influenced by various factors. It is recommended to develop strategies to promote early activities by establishing a multi-dimensional learning platform，increasing rehabilitation equipment，providing supporting policies，and coordinating human resources. At the same time，it is important to focus on the needs of patients and their families to optimize the management of early activities，to improve the physical functions of critically ill pediatric patients.

Key words: Early Mobilization, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Influencing Factors, Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, Qualitative Study, Pediatric Nursing

刘艳翠, 刘宇, 沈琴, 宇丽. 医护人员视角下危重症患儿早期活动影响因素的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(4): 536-542.

LIU Yancui, LIU Yu, SHEN Qin, YU Li. Influencing factors of early activity in critically ill children from the perspective of medical staff：a qualitative study[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(4): 536-542.

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