沉浸式虚拟现实可视化健康教育在择期肝切除术患者中的应用研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.14.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨沉浸式虚拟现实可视化健康教育在择期肝切除术患者中的应用效果，为改善围手术期患者术前焦虑提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2024年4月—2025年7月在郑州市某三级甲等医院肝胆胰腺外科行择期肝切除术的112例患者作为研究对象，将其按入院时间分成试验组（2024年12月—2025年7月）和对照组（2024年4—11月），每组各纳入56例。试验组开展沉浸式虚拟现实可视化健康教育，对照组开展常规术前健康教育。比较干预后两组术前焦虑、生理应激指标、术后疼痛程度、术后运动恐惧程度及术后早期康复相关指标的差异。结果试验组最终纳入54例，对照组最终纳入55例。试验组术前30 min焦虑评分低于对照组，麻醉诱导前平均动脉压及心率低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组首次下床时间短于对照组，术后24 h、48 h、5 d静息时疼痛评分及48 h镇痛泵按压次数均低于对照组，术后48 h、5 d运动恐惧评分均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论开展沉浸式虚拟现实可视化健康教育可缓解择期肝切除术患者术前焦虑与生理应激反应，降低术后疼痛及运动恐惧，缩短首次下床时间。

关键词: 虚拟现实, 肝切除术, 可视化健康教育, 焦虑, 应激反应, 围手术期护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the application effect of immersive virtual reality visualization health education in patients undergoing elective hepatectomy，and to provide a reference for the implementation of clinical perioperative nursing interventions. Methods Using convenience sampling method，112 patients undergoing elective hepatectomy in the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of a tertiary hospital in Zhengzhou from April 2024 to July 2025 were selected and divided into an experimental group（December 2024 to July 2025） and a control group（April 2024 to November 2024） according to the admission time，with 56 patients in each group. The experimental group carried out immersive virtual reality visualization health education，and the control group received routine preoperative health heducation. The preoperative anxiety，physiological stress indexes，postoperative pain，postoperative kinesiophobia and early postoperative rehabilitation related indicators were compared between the 2 groups after intervention. Results A total of 54 cases were included in the experimental group，and 55 cases were included in the control group. The anxiety score at 30 min before operation in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group，and the mean arterial pressure and heart rate before anesthesia induction were lower than those in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The first time to get out of bed in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group. The pain scores at rest at 24 h，48 h，and 5 d after operation and the number of analgesic pump compressions at 48 h after operation were lower than those in the control group. The motor fear scores at 48 h and 5 d after operation were lower than those in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Immersive virtual reality visualization health education can relieve preoperative anxiety and physiological stress responses，reduce postoperative pain and kinesiophobia，and shorten the first time to get out of bed in patients undergoing elective hepatectomy.

Key words: Virtual Reality, Hepatectomy, Visualized Health Education, Anxiety, Stress Reaction, Perioperative Nursing

王沙沙, 郭辉, 陈景, 李德宇. 沉浸式虚拟现实可视化健康教育在择期肝切除术患者中的应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(14): 1930-1938.

WANG Shasha, GUO Hui, CHEN Jing, LI Deyu. Application of immersive virtual reality visualization health education in patients undergoing elective hepatectomy[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(14): 1930-1938.

图/表 7

表1 沉浸式虚拟现实可视化健康教育模块

Table 1 The modules of immersive virtual reality visualized health education

表2 两组一般资料及手术基线资料的比较

Table 2 Comparison of general data and surgical baseline data between the 2 groups

表3 两组术前焦虑评分的比较（分，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of preoperative anxiety scores between the 2 groups（scores，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

表4 两组术前生理应激指标的比较（$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 4 Comparison of preoperative physiological stress indicators between the 2 groups（$\bar{x} \pm s$）

表5 两组术后疼痛程度的比较（$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 5 Comparison of postoperative pain between the 2 groups（$\bar{x} \pm s$）

表6 两组术后运动恐惧评分的比较（分，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 6 Comparison of postoperative kinesiophobia scores between the 2 groups（scores，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

表7 两组术后早期康复相关指标的比较[M（P25，P75）]

Table 7 Comparison of early postoperative rehabilitation related indicators between the 2 groups [M（P25，P75）]

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