关键词: 腹裂, 疟疾, 心脏病, 早产儿, 围手术期护理

Abstract:

This paper summarizes the perioperative nursing experience of a premature infant with congenital gastroschisis accompanied by malaria and heart disease during a medical aid mission in Africa. Nursing key points include：preoperative observation and protection of the protruding intestines to prevent intestinal injury and infection，timely identification and management of arrhythmias and acute hypoxic episodes；intraoperative close monitoring of vital signs and assisting the surgeon in creating an "artificial abdominal cavity"；postoperative intensification of condition monitoring and intra-abdominal pressure surveillance，standardized medication administration and rational blood transfusion to prevent complications related to gastroschisis repair，and to control malaria-related symptoms，while providing nutritional support and reinforcing health education. Through collaborative diagnosis and treatment by a multidisciplinary team along with meticulous nursing care，the infant showed improvement and was discharged after 2 weeks. A follow-up visit 2 months postoperatively revealed normal feeding，good surgical wound healing，no recurrence of acute hypoxic episodes，and a persistent systolic murmur auscultated over the precordium.

Key words: Gastroschisis, Malaria, Heart Disease, Premature, Perioperative Care