1 382所医院麻醉护理服务开展与管理现状的调查研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.23.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查31个省（区、市）二级及以上医院麻醉护理服务的开展及管理情况，为进一步规范管理、促进麻醉护理同质化发展提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法，于2023年8—12月采用自制问卷对31个省（区、市）二级及以上医院麻醉护理相关管理者进行调查，问卷内容包括医院及麻醉科的基本情况、麻醉护理单元的设置情况、麻醉护理服务的开展情况及质量管理情况4个方面。结果共回收问卷1 403份，其中有效问卷1 382份，有效问卷回收率为98.50%。1 382所医院中，404所（29.23%）设置了独立的麻醉护理单元；1 208所（87.41%）开展了麻醉护理服务，包含麻醉诱导期患者护理、术中麻醉监测与配合等12个服务项目。在开展麻醉护理服务的1 208所医院中，499所（41.31%）医院设立了麻醉护理服务质量控制组，427所（35.35%）医院设置了质量评价指标，包括急救物品合格率、护理不良事件发生率等8个指标。结论国内二级及以上医院开展的麻醉护理服务范围较广，但麻醉护理单元的设置尚未普及，且管理架构不清晰。建议进一步明确麻醉护理单元的岗位分工与职责，以提升其管理质量、促进同质化发展。

关键词: 麻醉, 手术室, 横断面研究, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of anesthesia nursing service provision and quality management in secondary and tertiary hospitals in 31 provinces（municipalities/autonomous regions），so as to provide a basis for further standardizing management and promoting homogeneous development. Methods The survey was conducted from August to December，2023，using convenience sampling method and self-designed questionnaire on the current status of anesthesia nursing service provision and quality management in secondary and tertiary hospitals in 31 provinces（municipalities/autonomous regions）. Administrators at anesthesiology nursing units，departments of anesthesiology，operating theaters or nursing departments were surveyed. The questionnaires covered 3 aspects，including the basic situation of the anesthesiology departments in their hospitals，the construction of anesthesia nursing units，and the types of anesthesia nursing services provided and quality management. Results A total of 1 403 questionnaires were collected，with 1 382 valid questionnaires，and an efficiency of 98.50%. A total of 1 382 anesthesia care management-related managers of secondary and tertiary hospitals participated in the survey. Among them，only 404（29.23%） hospitals set up stand-alone anesthesia nursing units；1 208（87.41%） hospitals provided anesthesia-related nursing services，mainly containing 12 types of specialty care services such as anesthesia induction room care and intraoperative anesthesia monitoring. Among 1 208 hospitals that provided anesthesia care services，anesthesia nursing care quality control groups had been built in 499 hospitals （41.31%），and 427 hospitals （35.35%） had anesthesia nursing care quality indicators，including 8 indicators such as qualification rate of emer-gency supplies and incidence of nursing adverse events. Conclusion The scope of anesthesia nursing services in domestic secondary and above hospitals is relatively broad. However，the establishment of anesthesia nursing units is not yet widespread，and the management structure is unclear. It is recommended to unify the organizational structure of the management system of the anesthesia care units，and to clarify the division of work and duties，in order to promote their management quality and promote homogeneous development.

Key words: Anesthesia, Operating Rooms, Cross-Sectional Studies, Nursing Administration Research

李勍, 刘婷, 兰星, 支慧, 段娜, 严金秀, 邓曼丽, 丁红, 杨悦来, 李良玉. 1 382所医院麻醉护理服务开展与管理现状的调查研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(23): 2895-2900.

LI Qing, LIU Ting, LAN Xing, ZHI Hui, DUAN Na, YAN Jinxiu, DENG Manli, DING Hong, YANG Yuelai, LI Liangyu. A survey of the current status of anesthesia nursing service provision and quality management in 1 382 hospitals[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(23): 2895-2900.

图/表 3

表1 调查对象所在医院的地区分布情况（n=1 382）

Table 1 The geographic distribution of participated hospitals（n=1 382）

表2 麻醉护理服务的开展情况[n=1 208，所（百分率，%）]

Table 2 The status of anesthesia nursing service provision[n=1 208，hospital（percentage，%）]

表3 麻醉护理服务质量评价指标的纳入情况（n=427）

Table 3 The inclusion status of anesthesia nursing care quality indicators（n=427）

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