胃癌术后患者居家营养管理旅程地图研究及护理对策

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.17.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于患者旅程地图识别胃癌术后患者居家营养管理的多维需求，为开展营养管理提供参考。方法运用描述性质性研究方法，于2024年9月—2025年1月便利选取宜昌市某三级甲等综合医院的9对胃癌术后居家患者及其主要照顾者进行半结构式访谈，采用内容分析法分析资料并绘制患者居家营养管理旅程地图。结果从任务、情绪、痛点和机会点4个方面归纳出24条子主题，并形成涉及急性恢复期、过渡适应期、营养重建期的旅程地图。结论胃癌术后居家患者的营养需求复杂多变，其饮食指导、进食相关症状管理、实时咨询需求凸显。未来可根据旅程地图制订相应的干预策略，以满足患者的多维营养需求。

关键词: 胃癌, 居家管理, 营养需求, 旅程地图, 质性研究, 肿瘤护理

Abstract:

Objective To identify the multidimensional needs of postoperative gastric cancer patients for home-based nutritional management based on patient journey maps，and to provide a reference for carrying out nutritional management interventions. Methods Using descriptive qualitative research methods，we facilitated semi-structured in-depth interviews with 9 pairs of postoperative gastric cancer homebound patients and their primary caregivers from a tertiary general hospital in Yichang City，China，from September 2024 to January 2025，and analysed the data and drew the patient journey maps by content analysis. Results Totally 24 sub-themes were summarised from 4 aspects，namely tasks，emotions，pain points and opportunity points，and journey maps involving the acute recovery period，the transitional adaptation period and the nutritional reconstruction period were formed. Conclusion The nutritional needs of homebound patients after gastric cancer surgery are complex and variable，and their needs for dietary guidance，eating-related symptom management，and real-time counselling are highlighted. In the future，appropriate intervention strategies can be developed based on the journey maps to meet the multidimensional nutritional needs of patients.

Key words: Gastric Cancer, Home Management, Nutritional Needs, Journey Map, Qualitative Study, Oncology Nursing

范雨晴, 席祖洋, 魏永婷, 田飞, 倪福, 董小倩, 秦洁敏. 胃癌术后患者居家营养管理旅程地图研究及护理对策[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(17): 2124-2130.

FAN Yuqing, XI Zuyang, WEI Yongting, TIAN Fei, NI Fu, DONG Xiaoqian, QIN Jiemin. Mapping the nutritional management journey of homebound patients after gastric cancer surgery and nursing countermeasures[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(17): 2124-2130.

图/表 2

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