腹膜透析患者便秘管理的最佳证据总结

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.23.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的提炼并总结腹膜透析患者便秘管理的最佳证据，为临床医护人员制订腹膜透析患者便秘评估和管理方案提供依据。方法系统检索国内外相关指南网站、UpToDate、BMJ Best Practice、乔安娜布里格斯研究所循证卫生保健中心数据库、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、中国知网、万方数据库中与腹膜透析患者便秘管理相关的文献，包括最佳实践、推荐实践、指南、专家共识、证据总结、系统评价，检索时限为建库至2022年3月18日。由2名研究者独立对文献质量进行评价并提取资料。结果共纳入14篇文献，包括指南4篇、专家共识3篇、最佳实践2篇、系统评价2篇、推荐实践3篇，总结的最佳证据包括评估、健康指导、用药管理、其他治疗4个方面，共22条。结论该研究总结了腹膜透析患者便秘管理的最佳证据，可为制订腹膜透析患者便秘评估和管理方案、实践标准提供循证依据。

关键词: 腹膜透析, 终末期肾病, 便秘, 证据总结, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To extract and summarize the best evidence related to constipation management in peritoneal dialysis patients，so as to provide bases for clinical medical staff to formulate peritoneal dialysis constipation assessment process and management plan. Methods We searched relevant guideline networks，UpToDate，BMJ，JBI，Cochrane Library，Web of Science，PubMed，Embase，CNKI，Wanfang databases to collect relevant guidelines，expert consensuses，best practices，recommended practices and systematic evaluations related to constipation management in peritoneal dialysis from the establishment of the database to March 18，2022. There were 2 researchers who independently evaluated the literature quality and extracted data. Results A total of 14 pieces of literature were included，including 4 guidelines，3 expert consensuses，2 best practices，2 systematic evaluations and 3 evidence summaries. Finally，22 pieces of best evidence including 4 dimensions were summarized，namely evaluation，health guidance，medication management and other treatments. Conclusion This study summarized the best evidence of constipation management in peritoneal dialysis patients，which can provide evidence-based bases for formulating constipation evaluation process，management plan and practice standard of peritoneal dialysis patients.

Key words: Peritoneal Dialysis, End-Stage Renal Disease, Constipation, Summary of Evidence, Evidence-Based Nursing

梁丽萍, 傅荣, 李呈慧, 徐鹏飞, 王怡欣. 腹膜透析患者便秘管理的最佳证据总结[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(23): 2930-2936.

LIANG Liping, FU Rong, LI Chenghui, XU Pengfei, WANG Yixin. Summary of the best evidence of constipation management in peritoneal dialysis patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(23): 2930-2936.

图/表 5

图1 文献筛选流程图注：JBI为乔安娜布里格斯研究所；SIGN为苏格兰院际指南网；NICE为英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所。

Figure 1 Flow chart of literature screening

表1 纳入文献的一般特征（n=14）

Table 1 Characteristics of included articles（n=14）

表2 纳入指南的质量评价结果（n=4）

Table 2 Quality evaluation results of guidelines（n=4）

表3 纳入专家共识、最佳实践和推荐实践的质量评价结果（n=8）

Table 3 Quality evaluation results of expert consensu-ses，best practices and recommended practices（n=8）

表4 腹膜透析患者便秘管理的最佳证据汇总

Table 4 Summary of the best evidence of constipation management in peritoneal dialysis patients

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